We study the existence of positive solutions for the $p$-Laplace Emden-Fowler equation. Let $H$ and $G$ be closed subgroups of the orthogonal group $O\left(N\right)$ such that $HG\subset O\left(N\right)$. We denote the orbit of $G$ through $x\in {ℝ}^N$ by $G\left(x\right)$, i.e., $G\left(x\right):=\{gx:g\in G\}$. We prove that if $H\left(x\right)G\left(x\right)$ for all $x\in \overline{\Omega }$ and the first eigenvalue of the $p$-Laplacian is large enough, then no $H$ invariant least energy solution is $G$ invariant. Here an $H$ invariant least energy solution means a solution which achieves the minimum of the Rayleigh quotient among all $H$ invariant...

Se il problema di minimo $({𝒫}_{\mathrm{\infty }})$ è il limite, in senso variazionale, di una successione di problemi di minimo con ostacoli del tipo $$\underset{u\ge {\psi }_h}{\min }{\int }_A\left[f_h(x,u,Du)+b(x,u)\right]𝑑x,$$ allora $({𝒫}_{\mathrm{\infty }})$ può essere scritto nella forma $$\underset{u}{\min }\left\{{\int }_A\left[f_{\mathrm{\infty }}(x,u,Du)+b(x,u)\right]𝑑x+{\int }_A{g}_{\mathrm{\infty }}(x,\tilde{u}(x))𝑑{\lambda }_{\mathrm{\infty }}(x)\right\}$$ dove $\tilde{u}$ è un conveniente rappresentante di $u$ e ${\lambda }_{\mathrm{\infty }}$ è una misura non negativa.

If $\Omega \subset {ℝ}^n$ is a bounded domain with Lipschitz boundary $\partial \Omega$ and $\Gamma$ is an open subset of $\partial \Omega$, we prove that the following inequality $${\left({\int }_{\Omega }{\left|A\left(x\right)\nabla u\left(x\right)\right|}^{p}dx\right)}^{1/p}+{\left({\int }_{\Gamma }{\left|u\left(x\right)\right|}^{p}d{\mathscr{H}}^{n-1}\left(x\right)\right)}^{1/p}\ge c{\parallel u\parallel }_{W^{1,p}\left(\Omega \right)}$$ holds for all $u\in W^{1,p}(\Omega ;{ℝ}^m)$ and $1<p<\infty$, where $${\left(A\left(x\right)\nabla u\left(x\right)\right)}_k=\sum _{i=1}^m\sum _{j=1}^n{a}_k^{ij}\left(x\right)\frac{\partial u_i}{\partial x_j}\left(x\right)(k=1,2,...,r;r\ge m)$$ defines an elliptic differential operator of first order with continuous coefficients on $\overline{\Omega }$. As a special case we obtain $${\int }_{\Omega }{\left|\nabla u\left(x\right)F\left(x\right)+{\left(\nabla u\left(x\right)F\left(x\right)\right)}^T\right|}^{p}dx\ge c{\int }_{\Omega }{\left|\nabla u\left(x\right)\right|}^{p}dx,(*)$$ for all $u\in W^{1,p}(\Omega ;{ℝ}^n)$ vanishing on $\Gamma$, where $F:\overline{\Omega }\to M^{n\times n}\left(ℝ\right)$ is a continuous mapping with $detF\left(x\right)\ge \mu >0$. Next we show that $(*)$ is not valid if $n\ge 3$, $F\in L^{\infty }\left(\Omega \right)$ and $detF\left(x\right)=1$, but does hold if $p=2$, $\Gamma =\partial \Omega$ and $F\left(x\right)$ is symmetric and positive definite in $\Omega$.

We consider the existence and nonexistence of solutions for the following singular quasi-linear elliptic problem with concave and convex nonlinearities: ⎧ $-{div\left(\right|x|}^{-ap}{\left|\nabla u\right|}^{p-2}{\nabla u)+h\left(x\right)|u|}^{p-2}u=g\left(x\right){\left|u\right|}^{r-2}u$, x ∈ Ω, ⎨ ⎩ ${\left|x\right|}^{-ap}{\left|\nabla u\right|}^{p-2}\partial u/\partial \nu =\lambda f\left(x\right){\left|u\right|}^{q-2}u$, x ∈ ∂Ω, where Ω is an exterior domain in ${ℝ}^N$, that is, $\Omega ={ℝ}^N\setminus D$, where D is a bounded domain in ${ℝ}^N$ with smooth boundary ∂D(=∂Ω), and 0 ∈ Ω. Here λ > 0, 0 ≤ a < (N-p)/p, 1 < p< N, ∂/∂ν is the outward normal derivative on ∂Ω. By the variational method, we prove the existence of multiple solutions. By the test function...

We establish the existence of a T-p(x)-solution for the p(x)-elliptic problem $-div\left(a\right(x,u,\nabla u\left)\right)+g(x,u)=f-divF$ in Ω, where Ω is a bounded open domain of ${ℝ}^N$, N ≥ 2 and $a:\Omega \times ℝ\times {ℝ}^N\to {ℝ}^N$ is a Carathéodory function satisfying the natural growth condition and the coercivity condition, but with only a weak monotonicity condition. The right hand side f lies in L¹(Ω) and F belongs to ${\prod }_{i=1}^N{L}^{p^{\text{'}}\left(·\right)}\left(\Omega \right)$.

We study the existence of positive solutions to ⎧ ${div\left(\right|\nabla u|}^{p-2}\nabla u)+q\left(x\right)u^{-\gamma }=0$ on Ω, ⎨ ⎩ u = 0 on ∂Ω, where Ω is ${ℝ}^N$ or an unbounded domain, q(x) is locally Hölder continuous on Ω and p > 1, γ > -(p-1).

Diamo condizioni sulle funzioni $f$, $g$ e sulla misura $\mu$ affinché il funzionale $$F(u)={\int }_{\mathrm{\Omega }}f(x,u,Du)𝑑x+{\int }_{\overline{\mathrm{\Omega }}}g(x,u)𝑑\mu$$ sia $L^1(\mathrm{\Omega })$-semicontinuo inferiormente su $W^{1,1}(\mathrm{\Omega })\cap C^0(\overline{\mathrm{\Omega }})$. Affrontiamo successivamente il problema del rilassamento.

We study a general class of nonlinear elliptic problems associated with the differential inclusion $\beta \left(u\right)-div\left(a\right(x,Du)+F(u\left)\right)\ni f$ in Ω where $f\in L^{\infty }\left(\Omega \right)$. The vector field a(·,·) is a Carathéodory function. Using truncation techniques and the generalized monotonicity method in function spaces we prove existence of renormalized solutions for general $L^{\infty }$-data.

CONTENTSIntroduction.......................................................................................................................................................... 5Chapter I. Some preliminary lemmas............................................................................................................ 8Chapter II. Weighted $H^p$ spaces of analytic functions.......................................................................... 13 1. Behaviour at the boundary..........................................................................................................................

By a sub-super solution argument, we study the existence of positive solutions for the system ⎧$-{\Delta }_{p}u=a₁\left(x\right)F₁(x,u,v)$ in Ω, ⎪$-{\Delta }_{q}v=a₂\left(x\right)F₂(x,u,v)$ in Ω, ⎨u,v > 0 in Ω, ⎩u = v = 0 on ∂Ω, where Ω is a bounded domain in ${ℝ}^N$ with smooth boundary or $\Omega ={ℝ}^N$. A nonexistence result is obtained for radially symmetric solutions.

We prove the existence of rotating solitary waves (vortices) for the nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation with nonnegative potential, by finding nonnegative cylindrical solutions to the standing equation where $x=(y,z)\in {ℝ}^k\times {ℝ}^{N-k}$, $N>k\ge 2$, $\mu >0$ and $\lambda \ge 0$. The nonnegativity of the potential makes the equation suitable for physical models and guarantees the wellposedness of the corresponding Cauchy problem, but it prevents the use of standard arguments in providing the functional associated to $(†)$ with bounded Palais-Smale...

Let ${\ell }_j:=-d²/dx²+k²q_j\left(x\right)$, k = const > 0, j = 1,2, $0<essinf{q}_j\left(x\right)\le esssup{q}_j\left(x\right)<\infty$. Suppose that (*) ${\int }_0^{1}p\left(x\right)u₁(x,k)u₂(x,k)dx=0$ for all k > 0, where p is an arbitrary fixed bounded piecewise-analytic function on [0,1], which changes sign finitely many times, and $u_j$ solves the problem ${\ell }_j{u}_j=0$, 0 ≤ x ≤ 1, $u_j^{\text{'}}(0,k)=0$, $u_j(0,k)=1$. It is proved that (*) implies p = 0. This result is applied to an inverse problem for a heat equation.

Si dimostra che il funzionale ${\int }_{\mathrm{\Omega }}f(u,Du)𝑑x$ è semicontinuo inferiormente su $W_{loc}^{1,1}(\mathrm{\Omega })$, rispetto alla topologia indotta da $L_{loc}^1(\mathrm{\Omega })$, qualora l’integrando $f(s,p)$ sia una funzione non-negativa, misurabile in $s$, convessa in $p$, limitata nell’intorno dei punti del tipo $(s,0)$, e tale che la funzione $s\mapsto f(s,0)$ sia semicontinua inferiormente su $𝐑$.

Via critical point theory we establish the existence and regularity of solutions for the quasilinear elliptic problem ⎧ $div(x,\nabla u)+{a\left(x\right)\left|u\right|}^{p-2}u={g\left(x\right)\left|u\right|}^{p-2}u+h\left(x\right){\left|u\right|}^{s-1}u$ in ${ℝ}^N$ ⎨ ⎩ u > 0, $li{m}_{\left|x\right|\to \infty }u\left(x\right)=0$, where 1 < p < N; a(x) is assumed to satisfy a coercivity condition; h(x) and g(x) are not necessarily bounded but satisfy some integrability restrictions.

We prove the existence of cylindrical solutions to the semilinear elliptic problem $-\Delta u+\frac{u}{{\left|y\right|}^2}=f\left(u\right)$, $u\in H^1\left({ℝ}^N\right)$, $u\ge 0$, where $(y,z)\in {ℝ}^k\times {ℝ}^{N-k}$, $N>k\ge 2$ and $f$ has a double-power behaviour, subcritical at infinity and supercritical near the origin. This result also implies the existence of solitary waves with nonvanishing angular momentum for nonlinear Schr¨odinger and Klein–Gordon equations.

Our main purpose is to establish the existence of weak solutions of second order quasilinear elliptic systems ⎧ $-{\Delta }_{p}u+{\left|u\right|}^{p-2}u=f_{1\lambda ₁}{\left(x\right)\left|u\right|}^{q-2}u+2\alpha /(\alpha +\beta )g_{\mu }{\left|u\right|}^{\alpha -2}u{\left|v\right|}^{\beta }$, x ∈ Ω, ⎨ $-{\Delta }_{p}v+{\left|v\right|}^{p-2}v=f_{2\lambda ₂}{\left(x\right)\left|v\right|}^{q-2}v+2\beta /(\alpha +\beta )g_{\mu }{\left|u\right|}^{\alpha }{\left|v\right|}^{\beta -2}v$, x ∈ Ω, ⎩ u = v = 0, x∈ ∂Ω, where 1 < q < p < N and $\Omega \subset {ℝ}^N$ is an open bounded smooth domain. Here λ₁, λ₂, μ ≥ 0 and $f_{i{\lambda }_i}\left(x\right)={\lambda }_i{f}_{i+}\left(x\right)+f_{i-}\left(x\right)$ (i = 1,2) are sign-changing functions, where $f_{i\pm }\left(x\right)=max\pm f_i\left(x\right),0$, $g_{\mu }\left(x\right)=a\left(x\right)+\mu b\left(x\right)$, and ${\Delta }_{p}u={div\left(\right|\nabla u|}^{p-2}\nabla u)$ denotes the p-Laplace operator. We use variational methods.