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The mean square of the divisor function

Chaohua JiaAyyadurai Sankaranarayanan — 2014

Acta Arithmetica

Let d(n) be the divisor function. In 1916, S. Ramanujan stated without proof that n x d ² ( n ) = x P ( l o g x ) + E ( x ) , where P(y) is a cubic polynomial in y and E ( x ) = O ( x 3 / 5 + ε ) , with ε being a sufficiently small positive constant. He also stated that, assuming the Riemann Hypothesis (RH), E ( x ) = O ( x 1 / 2 + ε ) . In 1922, B. M. Wilson proved the above result unconditionally. The direct application of the RH would produce E ( x ) = O ( x 1 / 2 ( l o g x ) l o g l o g x ) . In 2003, K. Ramachandra and A. Sankaranarayanan proved the above result without any assumption. In this paper, we prove E ( x ) = O ( x 1 / 2 ( l o g x ) ) .

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