The emergence of multidrug resistance among gram-negative bacilli is complex. Numerous
factors need to be considered, including the biological fitness cost of resistance, fitnesscompensatory
mutations and frequency and type of antibiotic exposure. A mathematical model
evaluating these complex relationships was developed in an individual colonized with strains of
pan-susceptible, single-, two- and multidrug-resistant (MDR) gram-negative bacilli (GN). The effect
of bacterial fitness, compensatory...
A model of tumor growth in a spatial environment is analyzed. The model includes
proliferating and quiescent compartments of tumor cells indexed by successively mutated cell phenotypes
of increasingly proliferative aggressiveness. The model incorporates spatial dependence
due to both random motility and directed movement haptotaxis. The model structures tumor cells
by both cell age and cell size. The model consists of a system of nonlinear partial differential
equations for the compartments of...
Background: Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus
aureus (CA-MRSA), a novel strain of MRSA, has recently emerged and rapidly
spread in the community. Invasion into the hospital setting with replacement of the
hospital-acquired MRSA (HA-MRSA) has also been documented. Co-colonization with both
CA-MRSA and HA-MRSA would have important clinical implications given differences in
...
A model of chemotaxis is analyzed that prevents blow-up of solutions. The model
consists of a system of nonlinear partial differential equations for the spatial population
density of a species and the spatial concentration of a chemoattractant in -dimensional
space. We prove the existence of solutions, which exist globally, and are
-bounded on
finite time intervals. The hypotheses require nonlocal conditions on the species-induced
production of the chemoattractant.
Early studies of the novel swine-origin 2009 influenza A (H1N1) epidemic indicate
clinical attack rates in children much higher than in adults. Non-medical interventions
such as school closings are constrained by their large socio-economic costs. Here we
develop a mathematical model to ascertain the roles of pre-symptomatic influenza
transmission as well as symptoms surveillance of children to assess the utility of school
closures. Our model analysis...
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