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Fuzzy ideals of ordered semigroups with fuzzy orderings

Xiaokun HuangQingguo Li — 2016

Open Mathematics

The purpose of this paper is to introduce the notions of ∈, ∈ ∨qk-fuzzy ideals of a fuzzy ordered semigroup with the ordering being a fuzzy relation. Several characterizations of ∈, ∈ ∨qk-fuzzy left (resp. right) ideals and ∈, ∈ ∨qk-fuzzy interior ideals are derived. The lattice structures of all ∈, ∈ ∨qk-fuzzy (interior) ideals on such fuzzy ordered semigroup are studied and some methods are given to construct an ∈, ∈ ∨qk-fuzzy (interior) ideals from an arbitrary fuzzy subset. Finally, the characterizations...

The characterizations of upper approximation operators based on special coverings

Pei WangQingguo Li — 2017

Open Mathematics

In this paper, we discuss the approximation operators [...] apr¯NS a p r ¯ N S and [...] apr¯S a p r ¯ S which are based on NS(U) and S. We not only obtain some properties of NS(U) and S, but also give examples to show some special properties. We also study sufficient and necessary conditions when they become closure operators. In addition, we give general and topological characterizations of the covering for two types of covering-based upper approximation operators being closure operators.

When doL-fuzzy ideals of a ring generate a distributive lattice?

Ninghua GaoQingguo LiZhaowen Li — 2016

Open Mathematics

The notion of L-fuzzy extended ideals is introduced in a Boolean ring, and their essential properties are investigated. We also build the relation between an L-fuzzy ideal and the class of its L-fuzzy extended ideals. By defining an operator “⇝” between two arbitrary L-fuzzy ideals in terms of L-fuzzy extended ideals, the result that “the family of all L-fuzzy ideals in a Boolean ring is a complete Heyting algebra” is immediately obtained. Furthermore, the lattice structures of L-fuzzy extended...

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