In this paper we formulate a general model of the continuous double auction. We (recursively) describe the distribution of the model. As a useful by-product, we give a (recursive) analytic description of the distribution of the process of the best quotes (bid and ask).
A general multistage stochastic programming problem can be introduced as a finite system of parametric (one-stage) optimization problems with an inner type of dependence. Evidently, this type of the problems is rather complicated and, consequently, it can be mostly solved only approximately. The aim of the paper is to suggest some approximation solution schemes. To this end a restriction to the Markov type of dependence is supposed.
We model a market with multiple liquidity takers and a single market maker maximizing his discounted consumption while keeping a prescribed probability of bankruptcy. We show that, given this setting, spread and price bias (a difference between the midpoint- and the expected fair price) depend solely on the MM's inventory and his uncertainty concerning the fair price. Tested on ten-second data from ten US electronic markets, our model gives significant results with the price bias decreasing in the...
This paper constructs and analyses a model for optimal production and emission covering of a real-life European steel company. The emissions may be covered by a combination of EUA and CER allowances and their derivatives. The company is assumed to be risk-averse, maximizing the Mean-CVaR criterion. The problem is analysed given continuum of risk-aversion coefficients and three scenarios of the demand. It is found that the production does not depend on the risk aversion and is always maximal, but...
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