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The ternary Goldbach problem in arithmetic progressions

Jianya LiuTao Zhan — 1997

Acta Arithmetica

For a large odd integer N and a positive integer r, define b = (b₁,b₂,b₃) and ( N , r ) = b ³ : 1 b j r , ( b j , r ) = 1 a n d b + b + b N ( m o d r ) . It is known that    ( N , r ) = r ² p | r p | N ( ( p - 1 ) ( p - 2 ) / p ² ) p | r p N ( ( p ² - 3 p + 3 ) / p ² ) . Let ε > 0 be arbitrary and R = N 1 / 8 - ε . We prove that for all positive integers r ≤ R, with at most O ( R l o g - A N ) exceptions, the Diophantine equation ⎧N = p₁+p₂+p₃, ⎨ p j b j ( m o d r ) , j = 1,2,3, ⎩ with prime variables is solvable whenever b ∈ (N,r), where A > 0 is arbitrary.

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