The extraction of blood vessels from retinal images is an important and challenging task in medical analysis and diagnosis. This paper presents a novel hybrid automatic approach for the extraction of retinal image vessels. The method consists in the application of mathematical morphology and a fuzzy clustering algorithm followed by a purification procedure. In mathematical morphology, the retinal image is smoothed and strengthened so that the blood vessels are enhanced and the background information...
Let An be an alternating group of degree n. Some authors have proved that A10, A147 and A189 cannot be OD-characterizable. On the other hand, others have shown that A16, A23+4, and A23+5 are OD-characterizable. We will prove that the alternating groups Ap+d except A10, are OD-characterizable, where p is a prime and d is a prime or equals to 4. This result generalizes other results.
In this paper, the mixed initial-boundary value problem for inhomogeneous quasilinear strictly hyperbolic systems with nonlinear boundary conditions in the first quadrant is investigated. Under the assumption that the right-hand side satisfies a matching condition and the system is strictly hyperbolic and weakly linearly degenerate, we obtain the global existence and uniqueness of a solution and its stability with certain small initial and boundary data.
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