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2-normalization of lattices

Ivan Chajda, W. Cheng, S. L. Wismath (2008)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

Let τ be a type of algebras. A valuation of terms of type τ is a function v assigning to each term t of type τ a value v ( t ) 0 . For k 1 , an identity s t of type τ is said to be k -normal (with respect to valuation v ) if either s = t or both s and t have value k . Taking k = 1 with respect to the usual depth valuation of terms gives the well-known property of normality of identities. A variety is called k -normal (with respect to the valuation v ) if all its identities are k -normal. For any variety V , there is a least...

A multiplication of e -varieties of orthodox semigroups

Martin Kuřil (1995)

Archivum Mathematicum

We define semantically a partial multiplication on the lattice of all e–varieties of regular semigroups. In the case that the first factor is an e–variety of orthodox semigroups we describe our multiplication syntactically in terms of biinvariant congruences.

A note on normal varieties of monounary algebras

Ivan Chajda, Helmut Länger (2002)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

A variety is called normal if no laws of the form s = t are valid in it where s is a variable and t is not a variable. Let L denote the lattice of all varieties of monounary algebras ( A , f ) and let V be a non-trivial non-normal element of L . Then V is of the form M o d ( f n ( x ) = x ) with some n > 0 . It is shown that the smallest normal variety containing V is contained in H S C ( M o d ( f m n ( x ) = x ) ) for every m > 1 where C denotes the operator of forming choice algebras. Moreover, it is proved that the sublattice of L consisting of all normal elements of...

A reduction theorem for ring varieties whose subvariety lattice is distributive

Mikhail V. Volkov (2010)

Discussiones Mathematicae - General Algebra and Applications

We prove a theorem (for arbitrary ring varieties and, in a stronger form, for varieties of associative rings) which basically reduces the problem of a description of varieties with distributive subvariety lattice to the case of algebras over a finite prime field.

Binary relations on the monoid of V-proper hypersubstitutions

Klaus Denecke, Rattana Srithus (2006)

Discussiones Mathematicae - General Algebra and Applications

In this paper we consider different relations on the set P(V) of all proper hypersubstitutions with respect to a given variety V and their properties. Using these relations we introduce the cardinalities of the corresponding quotient sets as degrees and determine the properties of solid varieties having given degrees. Finally, for all varieties of bands we determine their degrees.

Characterizing pure, cryptic and Clifford inverse semigroups

Mario Petrich (2014)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

An inverse semigroup S is pure if e = e 2 , a S , e < a implies a 2 = a ; it is cryptic if Green’s relation on S is a congruence; it is a Clifford semigroup if it is a semillatice of groups. We characterize the pure ones by the absence of certain subsemigroups and a homomorphism from a concrete semigroup, and determine minimal nonpure varieties. Next we characterize the cryptic ones in terms of their group elements and also by a homomorphism of a semigroup constructed in the paper. We also characterize groups and...

Closure Łukasiewicz algebras

Abad Manuel, Cimadamore Cecilia, Díaz Varela José, Rueda Laura, Suardíaz Ana (2005)

Open Mathematics

In this paper, the variety of closure n-valued Łukasiewicz algebras, that is, Łukasiewicz algebras of order n endowed with a closure operator, is investigated. The lattice of subvarieties in the particular case in which the open elements form a three-valued Heyting algebra is obtained.

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