The main objective of this paper is to study the boundedness character, the periodic character, the convergence and the global stability of positive solutions of the difference equation $$x_{n+1}=\left(A+\sum _{i=0}^k{\alpha }_i{x}_{n-i}\right)/\sum _{i=0}^k{\beta }_i{x}_{n-i},n=0,1,2,\cdots$$ where the coefficients $A$, ${\alpha }_i$, ${\beta }_i$ and the initial conditions $x_{-k},x_{-k+1},\cdots ,x_{-1},x_0$ are positive real numbers, while $k$ is a positive integer number.

The main objective of this paper is to study the boundedness character, the periodicity character, the convergence and the global stability of positive solutions of the difference equation $$x_{n+1}=\frac{{\alpha }_0{x}_n+{\alpha }_1{x}_{n-l}+{\alpha }_2{x}_{n-k}}{{\beta }_0{x}_n+{\beta }_1{x}_{n-l}+{\beta }_2{x}_{n-k}},n=0,1,2,\cdots$$ where the coefficients ${\alpha }_i,{\beta }_i\in (0,\infty )$ for $i=0,1,2,$ and $l$, $k$ are positive integers. The initial conditions $x_{-k},\cdots ,x_{-l},\cdots ,x_{-1},x_0$ are arbitrary positive real numbers such that $l<k$. Some numerical experiments are presented.

In this paper, sharp a priori estimate of the periodic solutions is obtained for the discrete analogue of the continuous time ratio-dependent predator-prey system, which is governed by nonautonomous difference equations, modelling the dynamics of the $n-1$ competing preys and one predator having nonoverlapping generations. Based on more precise a priori estimate and the continuation theorem of the coincidence degree, an easily verifiable sufficient criterion of the existence of positive periodic solutions...

The existence of anti-periodic solutions is studied for a second order difference inclusion associated with a maximal monotone operator in Hilbert spaces. It is the discrete analogue of a well-studied class of differential equations.