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Arithmetical aspects of certain functional equations

Lutz G. Lucht (1997)

Acta Arithmetica

The classical system of functional equations       1 / n ν = 0 n - 1 F ( ( x + ν ) / n ) = n - s F ( x ) (n ∈ ℕ) with s ∈ ℂ, investigated for instance by Artin (1931), Yoder (1975), Kubert (1979), and Milnor (1983), is extended to       1 / n ν = 0 n - 1 F ( ( x + ν ) / n ) = d = 1 λ n ( d ) F ( d x ) (n ∈ ℕ) with complex valued sequences λ n . This leads to new results on the periodic integrable and the aperiodic continuous solutions F:ℝ₊ → ℂ interrelating the theory of functional equations and the theory of arithmetic functions.

Average order in cyclic groups

Joachim von zur Gathen, Arnold Knopfmacher, Florian Luca, Lutz G. Lucht, Igor E. Shparlinski (2004)

Journal de Théorie des Nombres de Bordeaux

For each natural number n we determine the average order α ( n ) of the elements in a cyclic group of order n . We show that more than half of the contribution to α ( n ) comes from the ϕ ( n ) primitive elements of order n . It is therefore of interest to study also the function β ( n ) = α ( n ) / ϕ ( n ) . We determine the mean behavior of α , β , 1 / β , and also consider these functions in the multiplicative groups of finite fields.

Bounds for frequencies of residues of second-order recurrences modulo p r

Walter Carlip, Lawrence Somer (2007)

Mathematica Bohemica

The authors examine the frequency distribution of second-order recurrence sequences that are not p -regular, for an odd prime p , and apply their results to compute bounds for the frequencies of p -singular elements of p -regular second-order recurrences modulo powers of the prime p . The authors’ results have application to the p -stability of second-order recurrence sequences.

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