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On some universal sums of generalized polygonal numbers

Fan Ge, Zhi-Wei Sun (2016)

Colloquium Mathematicae

For m = 3,4,... those pₘ(x) = (m-2)x(x-1)/2 + x with x ∈ ℤ are called generalized m-gonal numbers. Sun (2015) studied for what values of positive integers a,b,c the sum ap₅ + bp₅ + cp₅ is universal over ℤ (i.e., any n ∈ ℕ = 0,1,2,... has the form ap₅(x) + bp₅(y) + cp₅(z) with x,y,z ∈ ℤ). We prove that p₅ + bp₅ + 3p₅ (b = 1,2,3,4,9) and p₅ + 2p₅ + 6p₅ are universal over ℤ, as conjectured by Sun. Sun also conjectured that any n ∈ ℕ can be written as p ( x ) + p ( y ) + p 11 ( z ) and 3p₃(x) + p₅(y) + p₇(z) with x,y,z ∈ ℕ; in...

On the computation of quadratic 2 -class groups

Wieb Bosma, Peter Stevenhagen (1996)

Journal de théorie des nombres de Bordeaux

We describe an algorithm due to Gauss, Shanks and Lagarias that, given a non-square integer D 0 , 1 mod 4 and the factorization of D , computes the structure of the 2 -Sylow subgroup of the class group of the quadratic order of discriminant D in random polynomial time in log D .

On the number of representations of a positive integer by certain quadratic forms

Ernest X. W. Xia (2014)

Colloquium Mathematicae

For natural numbers a,b and positive integer n, let R(a,b;n) denote the number of representations of n in the form i = 1 a ( x ² i + x i y i + y ² i ) + 2 j = 1 b ( u ² j + u j v j + v ² j ) . Lomadze discovered a formula for R(6,0;n). Explicit formulas for R(1,5;n), R(2,4;n), R(3,3;n), R(4,2;n) and R(5,1;n) are determined in this paper by using the (p;k)-parametrization of theta functions due to Alaca, Alaca and Williams.

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