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It is known that two consecutive coefficients of a ternary cyclotomic polynomial ${\Phi }_{pqr}\left(x\right)={\sum }_k{a}_{pqr}\left(k\right)x^k$ differ by at most one. We characterize all k such that $|a_{pqr}\left(k\right)-a_{pqr}(k-1)|=1$. We use this to prove that the number of nonzero coefficients of the nth ternary cyclotomic polynomial is greater than $n^{1/3}$.

We prove that for every ε > 0 and every nonnegative integer w there exist primes $p_1,...,p_w$ such that for $n=p_1...p_w$ the height of the cyclotomic polynomial ${\Phi }_n$ is at least $(1-\epsilon )c_w{M}_n$, where $M_n={\prod }_{i=1}^{w-2}{p}_i^{2^{w-1-i}-1}$ and $c_w$ is a constant depending only on w; furthermore $li{m}_{w\to \infty }{c}_w^{2^{-w}}\approx 0.71$. In our construction we can have $p_i>h(p_1...p_{i-1})$ for all i = 1,...,w and any function h: ℝ₊ → ℝ₊.