On the orbit of the centralizer of a matrix
Let A be a complex n × n matrix. Let A' be its commutant in Mₙ(ℂ), and C(A) be its centralizer in GL(n,ℂ). Consider the standard C(A)-action on ℂⁿ. We describe the C(A)-orbits via invariant subspaces of A'. For example, we count the number of C(A)-orbits as well as that of invariant subspaces of A'.