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A system of simultaneous congruences arising from trinomial exponential sums

Todd CochraneJeremy CoffeltChristopher Pinner — 2006

Journal de Théorie des Nombres de Bordeaux

For a prime p and positive integers < k < h < p with d = ( h , k , , p - 1 ) , we show that M , the number of simultaneous solutions x , y , z , w in p * to x h + y h = z h + w h , x k + y k = z k + w k , x + y = z + w , satisfies M 3 d 2 ( p - 1 ) 2 + 25 h k ( p - 1 ) . When h k = o ( p d 2 ) we obtain a precise asymptotic count on M . This leads to the new twisted exponential sum bound x = 1 p - 1 χ ( x ) e 2 π i f ( x ) / p 3 1 4 d 1 2 p 7 8 + 5 h k 1 4 p 5 8 , for trinomials f = a x h + b x k + c x , and to results on the average size of such sums.

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