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This paper solves the functional inequality af(s) + bf(t) ≥ f(αs + βt), s,t > 0, with four positive parameters a,b,α,β arbitrarily fixed. The unknown function f: (0,∞) → ℝ is assumed to satisfy the regularity condition $limsu{p}_{s\to 0+}f\left(s\right)\le 0$. The paper partitions the space of parameters into regions where the inequality has qualitatively similar classes of solutions, estimates the rate of growth of the solutions, determines their signs, and identifies all the parameters such that the solutions form small nontrivial...

In the present paper we give new formulas for a general solution of the linear difference equation of finite order with constant complex coefficients without necessity of solving the characteristic equation

Let a and b be fixed real numbers such that 0 < mina,b < 1 < a + b. We prove that every function f:(0,∞) → ℝ satisfying f(as + bt) ≤ af(s) + bf(t), s,t > 0, and such that $limsu{p}_{t\to 0+}f\left(t\right)\le 0$ must be of the form f(t) = f(1)t, t > 0. This improves an earlier result in [5] where, in particular, f is assumed to be nonnegative. Some generalizations for functions defined on cones in linear spaces are given. We apply these results to give a new characterization of the $L^p$-norm.