Son casi innumerables las reflexiones que se han hecho en el campo de la metodología de las ciencias sociales, sobre la dicotomía, real o inexistente, entre las perspectivas de análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo, mientras que han sido menos abundantes los trabajos teóricos, aunque van siendo más abundantes los empíricos, que han tratado de compatibilizar y/o complementar ambas perspectivas. En muchos casos los trabajos cualitativos cubren solamente los primeros pasos de la investigación social,...
El objetivo del artículo es presentar las principales características del diseño y del proceso de construcción de la muestra estratificada de la "Encuesta Metropolitana de Barcelona. Condiciones de vida y hábitos de la población" de la edición del año 1995. A partir de la información que proviene del censo de población se agrupa a las personas en secciones censales y se procede a la construcción de los estratos de acuerdo con un procedimiento en el que se emplean técnicas de análisis multivariante:...
The purpose of the Part I of this paper is to develop the geometry of Gram's determinants in Hilbert space. In Parts II and III a generalization is given of the Pythagorean theorem and triangular inequality for finite vector families.
First of all, in this paper we propose a family of fuzzy implication operators, which the generalised Lukasiewicz's one, and to analyse the impacts of Smets and Magrez properties on these operators. The result of this approach will be a characterisation of a proposed family of inclusion grade operators (in Bandler and Kohout's manner) that satisfies the axioms of Divyendu and Dogherty. Second, we propose a method to define fuzzy morphological operators (erosions and dilations). A family of fuzzy...
Fuzzy Mathematical Morphology aims to extend the binary morphological operators to grey-level images. In order to define the basic morphological operations fuzzy erosion, dilation, opening and closing, we introduce a general method based upon fuzzy implication and inclusion grade operators, including as particular case, other ones existing in related literature. In the definition of fuzzy erosion and dilation we use several fuzzy implications (Annexe A, Table of fuzzy implications), the paper includes...
The concepts of bounded subset, complete subset and directed subset, wich are well known in the context of partially ordered sets (X,≤), are extended in order to become appliable, with coherence, in fuzzy relational systems (X,R). The properties of these generalized structures are analyzed and operative exemples of them are presented.
The class of contrast intensification operators is formally defined and it's lattice structure studied. The effect of these operators in the referential classifications derived from special kinds of fuzzy relations is also determined. Results and examples are presented providing contrast intensification operators which keep quasi-uniformity structures generated by fuzzy relations while diminishing the fuzziness or the entropy of the relations.
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