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Let μ be a finite positive Borel measure on [0,1). Let ${\mathscr{H}}_{\mu }={\left({\mu }_{n,k}\right)}_{n,k\ge 0}$ be the Hankel matrix with entries ${\mu }_{n,k}={\int }_{[0,1)}{t}^{n+k}d\mu \left(t\right)$. The matrix ${}_{\mu }$ induces formally an operator on the space of all analytic functions in the unit disc by the fomula ${\mathscr{H}}_{\mu }\left(f\right)\left(z\right)={\sum }_{n=0}^{\infty }i\left({\sum }_{k=0}^{\infty }{\mu }_{n,k}{a}_k\right)zⁿ$, z ∈ , where $f\left(z\right)={\sum }_{n=0}^{\infty }aₙzⁿ$ is an analytic function in . We characterize those positive Borel measures on [0,1) such that ${\mathscr{H}}_{\mu }\left(f\right)\left(z\right)={\int }_{[0,1)}f\left(t\right)/(1-tz)d\mu \left(t\right)$ for all f in the Hardy space H¹, and among them we describe those for which ${\mathscr{H}}_{\mu }$ is bounded and compact on H¹. We also study the analogous problem for the Bergman space A².