Let G be an infinite abelian p-group and let K be a field of the first kind with respect to p of characteristic different from p such that $s_p\left(K\right)=\mathbb{N}$ or $s_p\left(K\right)=\mathbb{N}\cup 0$. The main result of the paper is the computation of the Ulm-Kaplansky functions of the factor group S(KG)/G of the normalized Sylow p-subgroup S(KG) in the group ring KG modulo G. We also characterize the basic subgroups of S(KG)/G by proving that they are isomorphic to S(KB)/B, where B is a basic subgroup of G.

We prove that if $G$ is an abelian $p$-group with a nice subgroup $A$ so that $G/A$ is a $\Sigma$-group, then $G$ is a $\Sigma$-group if and only if $A$ is a $\Sigma$-subgroup in $G$ provided that $A$ is equipped with a valuation induced by the restricted height function on $G$. In particular, if in addition $A$ is pure in $G$, $G$ is a $\Sigma$-group precisely when $A$ is a $\Sigma$-group. This extends the classical Dieudonné criterion (Portugal. Math., 1952) as well as it supplies our recent results in (Arch. Math. Brno, 2005), (Bull. Math. Soc....

Let $S\left(RG\right)$ be a normed Sylow $p$-subgroup in a group ring $RG$ of an abelian group $G$ with $p$-component $G_p$ and a $p$-basic subgroup $B$ over a commutative unitary ring $R$ with prime characteristic $p$. The first central result is that $1+I(RG;B_p)+I(R\left(p^i\right)G;G)$ is basic in $S\left(RG\right)$ and $B[1+I(RG;B_p)+I(R\left(p^i\right)G;G)]$ is $p$-basic in $V\left(RG\right)$, and $[1+I(RG;B_p)+I(R\left(p^i\right)G;G)]G_p/G_p$ is basic in $S\left(RG\right)/G_p$ and $[1+I(RG;B_p)+I(R\left(p^i\right)G;G)]G/G$ is $p$-basic in $V\left(RG\right)/G$, provided in both cases $G/G_p$ is $p$-divisible and $R$ is such that its maximal perfect subring $R^{p^i}$ has no nilpotents whenever $i$ is natural. The second major result is that $B(1+I(RG;B_p))$ is $p$-basic in $V\left(RG\right)$ and $(1+I(RG;B_p))G/G$ is $p$-basic...

Let $G$ be a $p$-mixed abelian group and $R$ is a commutative perfect integral domain of $charR=p>0$. Then, the first main result is that the group of all normalized invertible elements $V\left(RG\right)$ is a $\Sigma$-group if and only if $G$ is a $\Sigma$-group. In particular, the second central result is that if $G$ is a $\Sigma$-group, the $R$-algebras isomorphism $RA\cong RG$ between the group algebras $RA$ and $RG$ for an arbitrary but fixed group $A$ implies $A$ is a $p$-mixed abelian $\Sigma$-group and even more that the high subgroups of $A$ and $G$ are isomorphic, namely,...

We say that a subgroup $H$ is isolated in a group $G$ if for every $x\in G$ we have either $x\in H$ or $\langle x\rangle \cap H=1$. We describe the set of isolated subgroups of a finite abelian group. The technique used is based on an interesting connection between isolated subgroups and the function sum of element orders of a finite group.