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Quasi-tree graphs with the minimal Sombor indices

Yibo LiHuiqing LiuRuiting Zhang — 2022

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

The Sombor index S O ( G ) of a graph G is the sum of the edge weights d G 2 ( u ) + d G 2 ( v ) of all edges u v of G , where d G ( u ) denotes the degree of the vertex u in G . A connected graph G = ( V , E ) is called a quasi-tree if there exists u V ( G ) such that G - u is a tree. Denote 𝒬 ( n , k ) = { G : G is a quasi-tree graph of order n with G - u being a tree and d G ( u ) = k } . We determined the minimum and the second minimum Sombor indices of all quasi-trees in 𝒬 ( n , k ) . Furthermore, we characterized the corresponding extremal graphs, respectively.

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