The universal tropicalization and the Berkovich analytification
Given an integral scheme over a non-archimedean valued field , we construct a universal closed embedding of into a -scheme equipped with a model over the field with one element (a generalization of a toric variety). An embedding into such an ambient space determines a tropicalization of by previous work of the authors, and we show that the set-theoretic tropicalization of with respect to this universal embedding is the Berkovich analytification . Moreover, using the scheme-theoretic...