We make more accessible a neglected simple continued fraction based algorithm due to Lagrange, for deciding the solubility of in relatively prime integers , where , gcd is not a perfect square. In the case of solubility, solutions with least positive y, from each equivalence class, are also constructed. Our paper is a generalisation of an earlier paper by the author on the equation . As in that paper, we use a lemma on unimodular matrices that gives a much simpler proof than Lagrange’s for...
We present an easy-to-implement algorithm for transforming a matrix to rational canonical form.
We show that, with suitable modification, the upper bound estimates of Stolt for the fundamental integer solutions of the Diophantine equation Au²+Buv+Cv²=N, where A>0, N≠0 and B²-4AC is positive and nonsquare, in fact characterize the fundamental solutions. As a corollary, we get a corresponding result for the equation u²-dv²=N, where d is positive and nonsquare, in which case the upper bound estimates were obtained by Nagell and Chebyshev.
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