and -dimensions of modules
In this paper, we show the existence of copure injective preenvelopes over noetherian rings and copure flat preenvelopes over commutative artinian rings. We use this to characterize -Gorenstein rings. As a consequence, if the full subcategory of strongly copure injective (respectively flat) modules over a left and right noetherian ring has cokernels (respectively kernels), then is -Gorenstein.
In this paper, we use a characterization of -modules such that to characterize Cohen-Macaulay rings in terms of various dimensions. This is done by setting to be the local cohomology functor of with respect to the maximal ideal where is the Krull dimension of .
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