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On the signless Laplacian and normalized signless Laplacian spreads of graphs

Emina MilovanovićSerife B. Bozkurt AltindağMarjan MatejićIgor Milovanović — 2023

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

Let G = ( V , E ) , V = { v 1 , v 2 , ... , v n } , be a simple connected graph with n vertices, m edges and a sequence of vertex degrees d 1 d 2 d n . Denote by A and D the adjacency matrix and diagonal vertex degree matrix of G , respectively. The signless Laplacian of G is defined as L + = D + A and the normalized signless Laplacian matrix as + = D - 1 / 2 L + D - 1 / 2 . The normalized signless Laplacian spreads of a connected nonbipartite graph G are defined as r ( G ) = γ 2 + / γ n + and l ( G ) = γ 2 + - γ n + , where γ 1 + γ 2 + γ n + 0 are eigenvalues of + . We establish sharp lower and upper bounds for the normalized signless Laplacian spreads...

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