Oscillation for nonlinear neutral difference equations.
This paper is concerned with a class of nonlinear difference inequalities which include many different classes of difference inequalities and equations as special cases. By means of a Riccati type transformation, necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of eventually positive solutions and positive nonincreasing solutions are obtained. Various type of comparison theorems are also derived as applications, which extends many theorems in the literature.
A nonlinear difference equation involving the maximum function is studied. We derive sufficient conditions in order that eventually positive or eventually negative solutions tend to zero or to positive or negative infinity.
In this paper, we have investigated some properties of the first Dirichlet eigenvalue of a bicyclic graph with boundary condition. These results can be used to characterize the extremal bicyclic graphs with the smallest first Dirichlet eigenvalue among all the bicyclic graphs with a given graphic bicyclic degree sequence with minor conditions. Moreover, the extremal bicyclic graphs with the smallest first Dirichlet eigenvalue among all the bicycle graphs with fixed interior vertices of degree...
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