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Powers and alternative laws

Nicholas OrmesPetr Vojtěchovský — 2007

Commentationes Mathematicae Universitatis Carolinae

A groupoid is alternative if it satisfies the alternative laws x ( x y ) = ( x x ) y and x ( y y ) = ( x y ) y . These laws induce four partial maps on + × + ( r , s ) ( 2 r , s - r ) , ( r - s , 2 s ) , ( r / 2 , s + r / 2 ) , ( r + s / 2 , s / 2 ) , that taken together form a dynamical system. We describe the orbits of this dynamical system, which allows us to show that n th powers in a free alternative groupoid on one generator are well-defined if and only if n 5 . We then discuss some number theoretical properties of the orbits, and the existence of alternative loops without two-sided inverses.

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