Displaying similar documents to “Grokking Condorcet's 1785 Essai.”

Mathematical practice and naturalist epistemology : structures with potential for interaction

Bart Van Kerkhove, Jean Paul Van Bendegem (2005)

Philosophia Scientiae

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In current philosophical research, there is a rather one-sided focus on the foundations of proof. A full picture of mathematical practice should however additionally involve considerations about various methodological aspects. A number of these is identified, from large-scale to small-scale ones. After that, naturalism, a philosophical school concerned with scientific practice, is looked at, as far as the translations of its epistemic principles to mathematics is concerned. Finally,...

From ignorance to uncertainty: a conceptual analysis

Pietro Baroni, Giovanni Guida, Silvano Mussi (1998)

Kybernetika

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This paper aims to develop an analysis of how ignorance affects the reasoning activity and is related to the concept of uncertainty. With reference to a simple inferential reasoning step, involving a single piece of relational knowledge, we identify four types of ignorance and show how they give rise to different types of uncertainty. We then introduce the concept of reasoning attitude, as a basic choice about how reasoning should be carried out in presence of ignorance. We identify...

Reasons: belief support and goal dynamics.

Cristiano Castelfranchi (1996)

Mathware and Soft Computing

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The paper is devoted to the structural relation between beliefs and goals. I discuss its importance in modelling cognitive agents; its origin in cognitive processing; its structure (belief structure relative to a goal); its crucial role in rationality, mediating between epistemic and pragmatic rationality; its role in goal Dynamics. I stress the crucial contribution of the supporting beliefs to the Processing of goals; to the Revision of goals (or Dynamics in a narrow sense), i.e. the...

Mathematics and Morality on the Cusp of Modernity

Peter Dear (2001)

Revue d'histoire des mathématiques

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This note suggests that a fruitful way of investigating the history of mathematics lies in consideration of its pedagogical purposes. As a general illustration of the directions that such an approach might take, the paper discusses early-modern arguments for the practical utility of mathematics and its capacity to inculcate good habits of thought, as well as the appearance of new uses for mathematical training in the later eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries that served the purpose...

Incommensurability and laboratory science

Emiliano Trizio (2004)

Philosophia Scientiae

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The aim of the article is to establish relations between Kuhn’s general characterization of incommensurability as the impossibility to translate the taxonomies pertaining to rival scientific theories into one another and Hacking’s more specific version of incommensurability affecting competing theories that have stabilized relatively to different laboratory equipments and measurement techniques. On the basis of an analysis of the nature of scientific taxonomies that takes its inspiration...