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Displaying similar documents to “An implementation of the Bestvina-Handel algorithm for surface homeomorphisms.”

On a period of elements of pseudo-BCI-algebras

Grzegorz Dymek (2015)

Discussiones Mathematicae - General Algebra and Applications

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The notions of a period of an element of a pseudo-BCI-algebra and a periodic pseudo-BCI-algebra are defined. Some of their properties and characterizations are given.

Factorwise rigidity of embeddings of products of pseudo-arcs

Mauricio E. Chacón-Tirado, Alejandro Illanes, Rocío Leonel (2012)

Colloquium Mathematicae

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An embedding from a Cartesian product of two spaces into the Cartesian product of two spaces is said to be factorwise rigid provided that it is the product of embeddings on the individual factors composed with a permutation of the coordinates. We prove that each embedding of a product of two pseudo-arcs into itself is factorwise rigid. As a consequence, if X and Y are metric continua with the property that each of their nondegenerate proper subcontinua is homeomorphic to the pseudo-arc,...

On pseudo BE-algebras

Rajab Ali Borzooei, Arsham Borumand Saeid, Akbar Rezaei, Akefe Radfar, Reza Ameri (2013)

Discussiones Mathematicae - General Algebra and Applications

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In this paper, we introduce the notion of pseudo BE-algebra which is a generalization of BE-algebra. We define the concepts of pseudo subalgebras and pseudo filters and prove that, under some conditions, pseudo subalgebra can be a pseudo filter. We prove that every homomorphic image and pre-image of a pseudo filter is also a pseudo filter. Furthermore, the notion of pseudo upper sets in pseudo BE-algebras introduced and is proved that every pseudo filter is an union of pseudo upper sets. ...

Some results on pseudo-Q algebras

Akbar Rezaei, Arsham Borumand Saeid, Andrzej Walendziak (2017)

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia Mathematica

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The notions of a dual pseudo-Q algebra and a dual pseudo-QC algebra are introduced. The properties and characterizations of them are investigated. Conditions for a dual pseudo-Q algebra to be a dual pseudo-QC algebra are given. Commutative dual pseudo-QC algebras are considered. The interrelationships between dual pseudo-Q/QC algebras and other pseudo algebras are visualized in a diagram.

On pseudo-BCI-algebras

Grzegorz Dymek (2015)

Annales UMCS, Mathematica

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The notion of normal pseudo-BCI-algebras is studied and some characterizations of it are given. Extensions of pseudo-BCI-algebras are also considered.

Rotation surfaces with L₁-pointwise 1-type Gauss map in pseudo-Galilean space

Dae Won Yoon, Young Ho Kim, Jae Seong Jung (2015)

Annales Polonici Mathematici

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We study rotation surfaces in the three-dimensional pseudo-Galilean space G₃¹ such that the Gauss map G satisfies the condition L₁G = f(G + C) for a smooth function f and a constant vector C, where L₁ is the Cheng-Yau operator.