Non-existence of points rational over number fields on Shimura curves

Keisuke Arai

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In order to study the behavior of the points in a tower of curves, we introduce and study trivial points on towers of curves, and we discuss their finiteness over number fields. We relate the problem of proving that the only rational points are the trivial ones at some level of the tower, to the unboundeness of the gonality of the curves in the tower, which we show under some hypothesis.

Points on Shimura curves rational over number fields.

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We show how the size of the Galois groups of iterates of a quadratic polynomial f can be parametrized by certain rational points on the curves Cₙ: y² = fⁿ(x) and their quadratic twists (here fⁿ denotes the nth iterate of f). To that end, we study the arithmetic of such curves over global and finite fields, translating key problems in the arithmetic of polynomial iteration into a geometric framework. This point of view has several dynamical applications. For instance, we establish a maximality...

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In certain cases the invertibility of a polynomial map F = (P,Q): ℂ²→ ℂ² can be characterized by the irreducibility and the rationality of the curves aP+bQ = 0, (a:b) ∈ ℙ¹.