The elementary theory of ⟨α;×⟩, where α is an ordinal and × denotes ordinal multiplication, is decidable if and only if $\alpha <{\omega }^{\omega }$. Moreover if ${|}_r$ and ${|}_l$ respectively denote the right- and left-hand divisibility relation, we show that Th $⟨{\omega }^{{\omega }^{\xi }}{;|}_r⟩$ and Th $⟨{\omega }^{\xi }{;|}_l⟩$ are decidable for every ordinal ξ. Further related definability results are also presented.

In 1990, Comfort asked Question 477 in the survey book “Open Problems in Topology”: Is there, for every (not necessarily infinite) cardinal number $\alpha \le 2^{}$, a topological group G such that $G^{\gamma }$ is countably compact for all cardinals γ < α, but $G^{\alpha }$ is not countably compact? Hart and van Mill showed in 1991 that α = 2 answers this question affirmatively under $M{A}_{countable}$. Recently, Tomita showed that every finite cardinal answers Comfort’s question in the affirmative, also from $M{A}_{countable}$. However, the question has...

We show that uncountable cardinals are indistinguishable by sentences of the monadic second-order language of order of the form (∀X)ϕ(X) and (∃X)ϕ(X), for ϕ positive in X and containing no set-quantifiers, when the set variables range over large (= cofinal) subsets of the cardinals. This strengthens the result of Doner-Mostowski-Tarski [3] that (κ,∈), (λ,∈) are elementarily equivalent when κ, λ are uncountable. It follows that we can consistently postulate that the structures $(2^{\kappa },{\left[2^{\kappa }\right]}^{>\kappa },<)$, $(2^{\lambda },{\left[2^{\lambda }\right]}^{>\lambda },<)$ are...

We present an extension of the classical isomorphic classification of the Banach spaces C([0,α]) of all real continuous functions defined on the nondenumerable intervals of ordinals [0,α]. As an application, we establish the isomorphic classification of the Banach spaces $C\left(2^{}\times [0,\alpha ]\right)$ of all real continuous functions defined on the compact spaces $2^{}\times [0,\alpha ]$, the topological product of the Cantor cubes $2^{}$ with smaller than the first sequential cardinal, and intervals of ordinal numbers [0,α]. Consequently,...

We provide a complete isomorphic classification of the Banach spaces of continuous functions on the compact spaces $2^{}\oplus [0,\alpha ]$, the topological sums of Cantor cubes $2^{}$, with smaller than the first sequential cardinal, and intervals of ordinal numbers [0,α]. In particular, we prove that it is relatively consistent with ZFC that the only isomorphism classes of $C\left(2^{}\oplus [0,\alpha ]\right)$ spaces with ≥ ℵ₀ and α ≥ ω₁ are the trivial ones. This result leads to some elementary questions on large cardinals.

Let λ be an infinite cardinal number. The ordinal number δ(λ) is the least ordinal γ such that if ϕ is any sentence of $L_{\lambda ⁺\omega }$, with a unary predicate D and a binary predicate ≺, and ϕ has a model ℳ with $⟨D^{ℳ},{\prec }^{ℳ}⟩$ a well-ordering of type ≥ γ, then ϕ has a model ℳ ’ where $⟨D^{{ℳ}^{\text{'}}},{\prec }^{{ℳ}^{\text{'}}}⟩$ is non-well-ordered. One of the interesting properties of this number is that the Hanf number of $L_{\lambda ⁺\omega }$ is exactly ${\beth }_{\delta \left(\lambda \right)}$. It was proved in [BK71] that if ℵ₀ < λ < κ$areregularcardinalnumbers,thenthereisaforcingextension,preservingcofinalities,suchthatintheextension$2λ = κ$and\delta \left(\lambda \right)<\lambda ⁺⁺.Weimprovethisresultbyprovingthefollowing:Suppose\aleph ₀<\lambda <\theta \le \kappa arecardinalnumberssuchthat$∙ ${\lambda }^{<\lambda }=\lambda$; ∙ cf(θ) ≥ λ⁺ and ${\mu }^{\lambda }<\theta$ whenever μ < θ; ∙ ${\kappa }^{\lambda }=\kappa$. Then there...

We call a topological space $\kappa$-compact if every subset of size $\kappa$ has a complete accumulation point in it. Let $\Phi (\mu ,\kappa ,\lambda )$ denote the following statement: $\mu <\kappa <\lambda =cf\left(\lambda \right)$ and there is $\{S_{\xi }:\xi <\lambda \}\subset {\left[\kappa \right]}^{\mu }$ such that $\left|\right\{\xi :|S_{\xi }\cap A|=\mu \left\}\right|<\lambda$ whenever $A\in {\left[\kappa \right]}^{<\kappa }$. We show that if $\Phi (\mu ,\kappa ,\lambda )$ holds and the space $X$ is both $\mu$-compact and $\lambda$-compact then $X$ is $\kappa$-compact as well. Moreover, from PCF theory we deduce $\Phi (cf\left(\kappa \right),\kappa ,{\kappa }^{+})$ for every singular cardinal $\kappa$. As a corollary we get that a linearly Lindelöf and ${\aleph }_{\omega }$-compact space is uncountably compact, that is $\kappa$-compact for all uncountable cardinals...

Let ω denote the set of natural numbers. We prove: for every mod-finite ascending chain $T_{\alpha }:\alpha <\lambda$ of infinite subsets of ω, there exists $ℳ\subset {\left[\omega \right]}^{\omega }$, an infinite maximal almost disjoint family (MADF) of infinite subsets of the natural numbers, such that the Stone-Čech remainder βψ∖ψ of the associated ψ-space, ψ = ψ(ω,ℳ ), is homeomorphic to λ + 1 with the order topology. We also prove that for every λ < ⁺, where is the tower number, there exists a mod-finite ascending chain $T_{\alpha }:\alpha <\lambda$, hence a ψ-space with...

This work presents some cardinal inequalities in which appears the closed pseudo-character, ${\psi }_c$, of a space. Using one of them — ${\psi }_c\left(X\right)\le 2^{d\left(X\right)}$ for $T_2$ spaces — we improve, from $T_3$ to $T_2$ spaces, the well-known result that initially $\kappa$-compact $T_3$ spaces are $\lambda$-bounded for all cardinals $\lambda$ such that $2^{\lambda }\le \kappa$. And then, using an idea of A. Dow, we prove that initially $\kappa$-compact $T_2$ spaces are in fact compact for $\kappa =2^{F\left(X\right)}$, $2^{s\left(X\right)}$, $2^{t\left(X\right)}$, $2^{\chi \left(X\right)}$, $2^{{\psi }_c\left(X\right)}$ or $\kappa =max\{{\tau }^{+},{\tau }^{<\tau }\}$, where $\tau >t(p,X)$ for all $p\in X$.

Given an uncountable cardinal κ with $\kappa ={\kappa }^{<\kappa }$ and $2^{\kappa }$ regular, we show that there is a forcing that preserves cofinalities less than or equal to $2^{\kappa }$ and forces the existence of a well-order of H(κ⁺) that is definable over ⟨H(κ⁺),∈⟩ by a Σ₁-formula with parameters. This shows that, in contrast to the case "κ = ω", the existence of a locally definable well-order of H(κ⁺) of low complexity is consistent with failures of the GCH at κ. We also show that the forcing mentioned above introduces a Bernstein...

We say that a space $X$ has the discrete countable chain condition (DCCC for short) if every discrete family of nonempty open subsets of $X$ is countable. A space $X$ has a zeroset diagonal if there is a continuous mapping $f:X^2\to [0,1]$ with ${\Delta }_X=f^{-1}\left(0\right)$, where ${\Delta }_X=\{(x,x):x\in X\}$. In this paper, we prove that every first countable DCCC space with a zeroset diagonal has cardinality at most $𝔠$.

Let T denote a completion of ZF. We are interested in the number μ(T) of isomorphism types of countable well-founded models of T. Given any countable order type τ, we are also interested in the number μ(T,τ) of isomorphism types of countable models of T whose ordinals have order type τ. We prove: (1) Suppose ZFC has an uncountable well-founded model and $\kappa \in \omega \cup \aleph ₀,\aleph ₁,2^{\aleph ₀}$. There is some completion T of ZF such that μ(T) = κ. (2) If α <ω₁ and μ(T,α) > ℵ₀, then $\mu (T,\alpha )=2^{\aleph ₀}$. (3) If α < ω₁ and T ⊢ V ≠ OD,...

We work in ZF set theory (i.e., Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory minus the Axiom of Choice AC) and show the following: 1. The Axiom of Choice for well-ordered families of non-empty sets ($A{C}^{WO}$) does not imply “the Tychonoff product $2^{ℝ}$, where 2 is the discrete space 0,1, is countably compact” in ZF. This answers in the negative the following question from Keremedis, Felouzis, and Tachtsis [Bull. Polish Acad. Sci. Math. 55 (2007)]: Does the Countable Axiom of Choice for families of non-empty sets...