Commutativeness of Fundamental Groups of Topological Groups
In this article we prove that fundamental groups based at the unit point of topological groups are commutative [11].
In this article we prove that fundamental groups based at the unit point of topological groups are commutative [11].
Among other results we prove that the topological statement “Any compact covering mapping between two Π⁰₃ spaces is inductively perfect” is equivalent to the set-theoretical statement ""; and that the statement “Any compact covering mapping between two coanalytic spaces is inductively perfect” is equivalent to “Analytic Determinacy”. We also prove that these statements are connected to some regularity properties of coanalytic cofinal sets in (X), the hyperspace of all compact subsets of a Borel...
We consider the cardinal sequences of compact scattered spaces in models where CH is false. We describe a number of models of in which no such space can have ℵ₂ countable levels.
It is well-known that compacta (i.e. compact Hausdorff spaces) are maximally resolvable, that is every compactum contains many pairwise disjoint dense subsets, where denotes the minimum size of a non-empty open set in . The aim of this note is to prove the following analogous result: Every compactum contains many pairwise disjoint -dense subsets, where denotes the minimum size of a non-empty set in .
We study homeomorphism groups of metrizable compactifications of ℕ. All of those groups can be represented as almost zero-dimensional Polishable subgroups of the group . As a corollary, we show that all Polish groups are continuous homomorphic images of almost zero-dimensional Polishable subgroups of . We prove a sufficient condition for these groups to be one-dimensional and also study their descriptive complexity. In the last section we associate with every Polishable ideal on ℕ a certain Polishable...
The abstract model-theoretic concepts of compactness and Löwenheim-Skolem properties are investigated in the "softer" framework of pre-institutions [18]. Two compactness results are presented in this paper: a more informative reformulation of the compactness theorem for pre-institution transformations, and a theorem on natural equivalences with an abstract form of the first-order pre-institution. These results rely on notions of compact transformation, which are introduced as arrow-oriented generalizations...
In this article, we mainly formalize in Mizar [2] the equivalence among a few compactness definitions of metric spaces, norm spaces, and the real line. In the first section, we formalized general topological properties of metric spaces. We discussed openness and closedness of subsets in metric spaces in terms of convergence of element sequences. In the second section, we firstly formalize the definition of sequentially compact, and then discuss the equivalence of compactness, countable compactness,...
We characterize exactly the compactness properties of the product of κ copies of the space ω with the discrete topology. The characterization involves uniform ultrafilters, infinitary languages, and the existence of nonstandard elements in elementary extensions. We also have results involving products of possibly uncountable regular cardinals.