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Coalgebras have been proposed as formal basis for the semantics of objects in the sense of object-oriented programming. This paper shows that this semantics provides a smooth interpretation for subtyping, a central notion in object-oriented programming. We show that different characterisations of behavioural subtyping found in the literature can conveniently be expressed in coalgebraic terms. We also investigate the subtle difference between behavioural subtyping and refinement.
    			                    
    			                 
    		                
    		                
    		            
    			    
    		            
    		                
    		                
    		                
    			                
    			                    
                                       
Coalgebras have been proposed as formal basis for the  semantics of
objects in the sense of object-oriented programming.
This paper shows that this semantics provides a smooth
interpretation for subtyping,
a central notion in object-oriented programming.
We show that different characterisations of 
behavioural subtyping
found in the literature can conveniently be expressed in coalgebraic terms.
We also investigate the subtle difference between 
behavioural subtyping and refinement.
    			                    
    			                 
    		                
    		                
    		            
    			    
    		            
    		                
    		                
    		                
    			                
    		                
    		                
    		            
    			    
    		            
    		                
    		                
    		                
    			                
    		                
    		                
    		            
    			    			
    			 
 
    			
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