Après une introduction de caractère historique, l'auteur expose succinctement les principaux résultats qu'il a obtenus (thèse, Paris 1969) dans le domaine jusqu'alors pratiquement inexploré des équations dans les monoïdes libres.
A result by Dehornoy (1992) says that every nontrivial braid admits a -definite expression, defined as a braid word in which the generator with maximal index appears with exponents that are all positive, or all negative. This is the ground result for ordering braids. In this paper, we enhance this result and prove that every braid admits a -definite word expression that, in addition, is quasi-geodesic. This establishes a longstanding conjecture. Our proof uses the dual braid monoid and a new...
Let H be a Krull monoid with infinite class group and such that each divisor class of H contains a prime divisor. We show that for each finite set L of integers ≥2 there exists some h ∈ H such that the following are equivalent: (i) h has a representation for some irreducible elements , (ii) k ∈ L.
For a non-unit a of an atomic monoid H we call the set of lengths of a. Let H be a Krull monoid with infinite divisor class group such that each divisor class is the sum of a bounded number of prime divisor classes of H. We investigate factorization properties of H and show that H has sets of lengths containing large gaps. Finally we apply this result to finitely generated algebras over perfect fields with infinite divisor class group.
The fixed point submonoid of an endomorphism of a free product of a free monoid and cyclic groups is proved to be rational using automata-theoretic techniques. Maslakova’s result on the computability of the fixed point subgroup of a free group automorphism is generalized to endomorphisms of free products of a free monoid and a free group which are automorphisms of the maximal subgroup.