In this paper, we study a postprocessing procedure for improving
accuracy of the finite volume element approximations of semilinear
parabolic problems. The procedure amounts to solve a source problem
on a coarser grid and then solve a linear elliptic problem on a
finer grid after the time evolution is finished. We derive error
estimates in the
and
norms for the standard finite
volume element scheme and an improved error estimate in the
norm. Numerical...
Retrovirus capsid is a fullerene-like lattice consisting of capsid protein hexamers and pentamers. Mathematical models for the lattice structure help understand the underlying biological mechanisms in the formation of viral capsids. It is known that viral capsids could be categorized into three major types: icosahedron, tube, and cone. While the model for icosahedral capsids is established and well-received, models for tubular and conical capsids need further investigation. This paper proposes new...
It is known that the retrovirus capsids possess a fullerene-like structure. These caged polyhedral arrangements are built entirely from hexagons and exactly 12 pentagons according to the Euler theorem. Viral capsids are composed of capsid proteins, which create the hexagon and pentagon shapes by groups of six (hexamer) and five (pentamer) proteins. Different distributions of these 12 pentamers result in icosahedral, tubular, or conical shaped capsids. These pentamer clusters introduce declination...
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