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Let $N$ be a sufficiently large integer. We prove that almost all sufficiently large even integers $n\in [N-6U,N+6U]$ can be represented as $$n=p_1^2+p_2^3+p_3^3+p_4^3+p_5^3+p_6^3,\left|p_1^2-{\displaystyle \frac{N}{6}}\right|\le U,\left|p_i^3-{\displaystyle \frac{N}{6}}\right|\le U,i=2,3,4,5,6,$$ where $U=N^{1-\delta +\epsilon }$ with $\delta \le 8/225$.

Let ${𝒫}_r$ denote an almost-prime with at most $r$ prime factors, counted according to multiplicity. Suppose that $a$ and $q$ are positive integers satisfying $(a,q)=1$. Denote by ${𝒫}_2(a,q)$ the least almost-prime ${𝒫}_2$ which satisfies ${𝒫}_2\equiv a(modq)$. It is proved that for sufficiently large $q$, there holds $${𝒫}_2(a,q)\ll q^{1.8345}.$$ This result constitutes an improvement upon that of Iwaniec (1982), who obtained the same conclusion, but for the range $1.845$ in place of $1.8345$.