Various subsemirings of the field $\mathbb {Q}$ of rational numbers

Vítězslav Kala; Tomáš Kepka; Jon D. Phillips

Displaying similar documents to “Various subsemirings of the field $ℚ$ of rational numbers”

A note on Sierpiński's problem related to triangular numbers

Maciej Ulas (2009)

Colloquium Mathematicae

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We show that the system of equations $t_{x} + t_{y} = t_{p}, t_{y} + t_{z} = t_{q}, t_{x} + t_{z} = t_{r}$ , where $t_{x} = x (x + 1) / 2$ is a triangular number, has infinitely many solutions in integers. Moreover, we show that this system has a rational three-parameter solution. Using this result we show that the system $t_{x} + t_{y} = t_{p}, t_{y} + t_{z} = t_{q}, t_{x} + t_{z} = t_{r}, t_{x} + t_{y} + t_{z} = t_{s}$ has infinitely many rational two-parameter solutions.

Rational points on curves

Michael Stoll (2011)

Journal de Théorie des Nombres de Bordeaux

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This is an extended version of an invited lecture I gave at the Journées Arithmétiques in St. Étienne in July 2009. We discuss the state of the art regarding the problem of finding the set of rational points on a (smooth projective) geometrically integral curve $C$ over $ℚ$ . The focus is on practical aspects of this problem in the case that the genus of $C$ is at least $2$ , and therefore the set of rational points is finite.

Composite rational functions expressible with few terms

Clemens Fuchs, Umberto Zannier (2012)

Journal of the European Mathematical Society

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We consider a rational function $f$ which is ‘lacunary’ in the sense that it can be expressed as the ratio of two polynomials (not necessarily coprime) having each at most a given number $ℓ$ of terms. Then we look at the possible decompositions $f (x) = g (h (x))$ , where $g, h$ are rational functions of degree larger than 1. We prove that, apart from certain exceptional cases which we completely describe, the degree of $g$ is bounded only in terms of $ℓ$ (and we provide explicit bounds). This supports and quantifies...

Characteristic Exponents of Rational Functions

Anna Zdunik (2014)

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Mathematics

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We consider two characteristic exponents of a rational function f:ℂ̂ → ℂ̂ of degree d ≥ 2. The exponent $χ_{a} (f)$ is the average of log∥f’∥ with respect to the measure of maximal entropy. The exponent $χ_{m} (f)$ can be defined as the maximal characteristic exponent over all periodic orbits of f. We prove that $χ_{a} (f) = χ_{m} (f)$ if and only if f(z) is conformally conjugate to $z \mapsto z^{\pm d}$ .

Rational Points on Certain Hyperelliptic Curves over Finite Fields

Maciej Ulas (2007)

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Mathematics

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Let K be a field, a,b ∈ K and ab ≠ 0. Consider the polynomials g₁(x) = xⁿ+ax+b, g₂(x) = xⁿ+ax²+bx, where n is a fixed positive integer. We show that for each k≥ 2 the hypersurface given by the equation $S_{k}^{i} : u ² = \prod_{j = 1}^{k} g_{i} (x_{j})$ , i=1,2, contains a rational curve. Using the above and van de Woestijne’s recent results we show how to construct a rational point different from the point at infinity on the curves $C_{i} : y ² = g_{i} (x)$ , (i=1,2) defined over a finite field, in polynomial time.

On the Non-commutative Neutrix Product of $x_{+}^{l} a m b d a$ and $x_{+}^{- l a m b d a - r}$

Brian Fisher, Fatma Al-Sirehy (1999)

Publications de l'Institut Mathématique

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Manin’s and Peyre’s conjectures on rational points and adelic mixing

Alex Gorodnik, François Maucourant, Hee Oh (2008)

Annales scientifiques de l'École Normale Supérieure

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Let $X$ be the wonderful compactification of a connected adjoint semisimple group $G$ defined over a number field $K$ . We prove Manin’s conjecture on the asymptotic (as $T \to \infty$ ) of the number of $K$ -rational points of $X$ of height less than $T$ , and give an explicit construction of a measure on $X (𝔸)$ , generalizing Peyre’s measure, which describes the asymptotic distribution of the rational points $𝐆 (K)$ on $X (𝔸)$ . Our approach is based on the mixing property of $L^{2} (𝐆 (K) ∖ 𝐆 (𝔸))$ which we obtain with a rate of convergence. ...

The moduli space of totally marked degree two rational maps

Anupam Bhatnagar (2015)

Acta Arithmetica

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A rational map ϕ: ℙ¹ → ℙ¹ along with an ordered list of fixed and critical points is called a totally marked rational map. The space $R a t ₂^{t} m$ of totally marked degree two rational maps can be parametrized by an affine open subset of (ℙ¹)⁵. We consider the natural action of SL₂ on $R a t ₂^{t} m$ induced from the action of SL₂ on (ℙ¹)⁵ and prove that the quotient space $R a t ₂^{t} m / S L ₂$ exists as a scheme. The quotient is isomorphic to a Del Pezzo surface with the isomorphism being defined over ℤ[1/2].

Rational solutions of certain Diophantine equations involving norms

Maciej Ulas (2014)

Acta Arithmetica

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We present some results concerning the unirationality of the algebraic variety $_{f}$ given by the equation $N_{K / k} (X ₁ + α X ₂ + α ² X ₃) = f (t)$ , where k is a number field, K=k(α), α is a root of an irreducible polynomial h(x) = x³ + ax + b ∈ k[x] and f ∈ k[t]. We are mainly interested in the case of pure cubic extensions, i.e. a = 0 and b ∈ k∖k³. We prove that if deg f = 4 and $_{f}$ contains a k-rational point (x₀,y₀,z₀,t₀) with f(t₀)≠0, then $_{f}$ is k-unirational. A similar result is proved for a broad family of quintic polynomials...

Springer fiber components in the two columns case for types $A$ and $D$ are normal

Nicolas Perrin, Evgeny Smirnov (2012)

Bulletin de la Société Mathématique de France

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We study the singularities of the irreducible components of the Springer fiber over a nilpotent element $N$ with $N^{2} = 0$ in a Lie algebra of type $A$ or $D$ (the so-called two columns case). We use Frobenius splitting techniques to prove that these irreducible components are normal, Cohen–Macaulay, and have rational singularities.

The importance of rational extensions

Frans Loonstra (1988)

Atti della Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei. Classe di Scienze Fisiche, Matematiche e Naturali. Rendiconti Lincei. Matematica e Applicazioni

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The rational completion $\bar{M}$ of an $R$ -module $M$ can be characterized as a $\tau_{M}$ -injective hull of $M$ with respect to a (hereditary) torsion functor $\tau_{M}$ depending on $M$ . Properties of a torsion functor depending on an $R$ -module $M$ are studied.

Varieties of minimal rational tangents of codimension 1

Jun-Muk Hwang (2013)

Annales scientifiques de l'École Normale Supérieure

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Let $X$ be a uniruled projective manifold and let $x$ be a general point. The main result of [2] says that if the $(- K_{X})$ -degrees (i.e., the degrees with respect to the anti-canonical bundle of $X$ ) of all rational curves through $x$ are at least $dim X + 1$ , then $X$ is a projective space. In this paper, we study the structure of $X$ when the $(- K_{X})$ -degrees of all rational curves through $x$ are at least $dim X$ . Our study uses the projective variety $𝒞_{x} \subset ℙ T_{x} (X)$ , called the VMRT at $x$ , defined as the union of tangent directions to the...

Harmonic functions in four variables with rational and algebraic $p_{4}$ -associates

R. P. Gilbert (1964)

Annales Polonici Mathematici

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Homeomorphism groups of Sierpiński carpets and Erdős space

Jan J. Dijkstra, Dave Visser (2010)

Fundamenta Mathematicae

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Erdős space is the “rational” Hilbert space, that is, the set of vectors in ℓ² with all coordinates rational. Erdős proved that is one-dimensional and homeomorphic to its own square × , which makes it an important example in dimension theory. Dijkstra and van Mill found topological characterizations of . Let $M ₙ^{n + 1}$ , n ∈ ℕ, be the n-dimensional Menger continuum in $ℝ^{n + 1}$ , also known as the n-dimensional Sierpiński carpet, and let D be a countable dense subset of $M ₙ^{n + 1}$ . We consider the topological group...

Displaying similar documents to “Various subsemirings of the field ℚ of rational numbers”

Displaying similar documents to “Various subsemirings of the field $ℚ$ of rational numbers”