We deal with the integral equation $u\left(t\right)=f\left({\int }_{I}g(t,z)u\left(z\right)dz\right)$, with $t\in I=[0,1]$, $f:{𝐑}^n\to {𝐑}^n$ and $g:I\times I\to [0,+\infty [$. We prove an existence theorem for solutions $u\in L^{\infty }(I,{𝐑}^n)$ where the function $f$ is not assumed to be continuous, extending a result previously obtained for the case $n=1$.

Let $M_{\beta }$ be the fractional maximal function. The commutator generated by $M_{\beta }$ and a suitable function $b$ is defined by $[M_{\beta },b]f=M_{\beta }\left(bf\right)-b{M}_{\beta }\left(f\right)$. Denote by $𝒫\left({ℝ}^n\right)$ the set of all measurable functions $p(·):{ℝ}^n\to [1,\infty )$ such that $$1<p_{-}:=\underset{x\in {ℝ}^n}{\mathrm{ess}\inf }p\left(x\right)\text{and}{p}_{+}:=\underset{x\in {ℝ}^n}{\mathrm{ess}\sup }p\left(x\right)<\infty ,$$ and by $ℬ\left({ℝ}^n\right)$ the set of all $p(·)\in 𝒫\left({ℝ}^n\right)$ such that the Hardy-Littlewood maximal function $M$ is bounded on $L^{p(·)}\left({ℝ}^n\right)$. In this paper, the authors give some characterizations of $b$ for which $[M_{\beta },b]$ is bounded from $L^{p(·)}\left({ℝ}^n\right)$ into $L^{q(·)}\left({ℝ}^n\right)$, when $p(·)\in 𝒫\left({ℝ}^n\right)$, $0<\beta <n/p_{+}$ and $1/q(·)=1/p(·)-\beta /n$ with $q(·)(n-\beta )/n\in ℬ\left({ℝ}^n\right)$.

We consider the Cahn-Hilliard equation in $H^1\left({ℝ}^N\right)$ with two types of critically growing nonlinearities: nonlinearities satisfying a certain limit condition as $\left|u\right|\to \infty$ and logistic type nonlinearities. In both situations we prove the $H^2\left({ℝ}^N\right)$-bound on the solutions and show that the individual solutions are suitably attracted by the set of equilibria. This complements the results in the literature; see J. W. Cholewa, A. Rodriguez-Bernal (2012).

We determine all natural functions on $T^{*}{T}^{\left(r\right)}$ and $T^{*}{T}^{r*}$.