The first-value operator assigns to any sequence of partial functions of the same type a new such function. Its domain is the union of the domains of the sequence functions, and its value at any point is just the value of the first function in the sequence which is defined at that point. In this paper, the first-value operator is applied to establish hierarchies of classes of functions under various settings. For effective sequences of computable discrete functions, we obtain a hierarchy...

The aim of the paper is to provide a linearization approach to the $\mathrm{See\; PDF}$-control problems. We begin by proving a semigroup-type behaviour of the set of constraints appearing in the linearized formulation of (standard) control problems. As a byproduct we obtain a linear formulation of the dynamic programming principle. Then, we use the $\mathrm{See\; PDF}$ approach and the associated linear formulations. This seems to be the most appropriate tool for treating $\mathrm{See\; PDF}$ problems in continuous and lower semicontinuous...

In this paper, we consider a Borel measurable function on the space of $m\times n$ matrices $f:M^{m\times n}\to \overline{ℝ}$ taking the value $+\infty$, such that its rank-one-convex envelope $Rf$ is finite and satisfies for some fixed $p>1$: $$-c_0\le Rf\left(F\right)\le {c(1+\parallel F\parallel }^p)\text{for}\text{all}F\in M^{m\times n},$$ where $c,c_0>0$. Let $Ø$ be a given regular bounded open domain of ${ℝ}^n$. We define on $W^{1,p}(Ø;{ℝ}^m)$ the functional $$I\left(u\right)={\int }_{Ø}f\left(\nabla u\left(x\right)\right)dx.$$ Then, under some technical restrictions on $f$, we show that the relaxed functional $\overline{I}$ for the weak topology of $W^{1,p}(Ø;{ℝ}^m)$ has the integral representation: $$\overline{I}\left(u\right)={\int }_{Ø}Q\left[Rf\right]\left(\nabla u\left(x\right)\right)dx,$$ where for a given function $g$, $Qg$ denotes...

A Large Deviation Principle (LDP) is proved for the family $\frac{1}{n}{\sum }_1^n𝐟\left(x_i^n\right)·Z_i^n$ where the deterministic probability measure $\frac{1}{n}{\sum }_1^n{\delta }_{x_i^n}$ converges weakly to a probability measure R and ${\left(Z_i^n\right)}_{i\in \mathbb{N}}$ are ${ℝ}^d$-valued independent random variables whose distribution depends on $x_i^n$ and satisfies the following exponential moments condition: $$\underset{i,n}{sup}𝔼{\mathrm{e}}^{{\alpha }^{*}\left|Z_i^n\right|}<+\infty \mathrm{forsome}0<{\alpha }^{*}<+\infty .$$ In this context, the identification of the rate function is non-trivial due to the absence of equidistribution. We rely on fine convex analysis...