Arithmetic over the rings of all algebraic integers.
We prove that the positive-existential theory of addition and divisibility in a ring of polynomials in two variables A[t₁,t₂] over an integral domain A is undecidable and that the universal-existential theory of A[t₁] is undecidable.
We generalize a question of Büchi: Let R be an integral domain, C a subring and k ≥ 2 an integer. Is there an algorithm to decide the solvability in R of any given system of polynomial equations, each of which is linear in the kth powers of the unknowns, with coefficients in C? We state a number-theoretical problem, depending on k, a positive answer to which would imply a negative answer to the question for R = C = ℤ. We reduce a negative answer for k = 2 and for...
We prove some properties similar to the theorem Ax-Kochen-Ershov, in some cases of pairs of algebraically maximal fields of residue characteristic p > 0. This properties hold in particular for pairs of Kaplansky fields of equal characteristic, formally p-adic fields and finitely ramified fields. From that we derive results about decidability of such extensions.