The internal and external aspect of logic and set theory in elementary topoi
An internal rate of return (IRR) of an investment or financing project with cash flow (a0,a1,a2,...,an) is usually defined as a rate of interest r such thata0 + a1(1 + r)-1 + ... + an(1 + r)-n = 0.If the cash flow has one sign change then the previous equation has a unique solution r > -1.Generally the IRR technique does not extend to fuzzy cash flows, as it can be seen with examples (see [2]). In this paper we show that under suitable hypothesis a unique fuzzy IRR exists for a fuzzy cash...
Within the framework of discrete probabilistic uncertain reasoning a large literature exists justifying the maximum entropy inference process, , as being optimal in the context of a single agent whose subjective probabilistic knowledge base is consistent. In particular Paris and Vencovská completely characterised the inference process by means of an attractive set of axioms which an inference process should satisfy. More recently the second author extended the Paris-Vencovská axiomatic approach...
An ω-tree-automatic structure is a relational structure whose domain and relations are accepted by Muller or Rabin tree automata. We investigate in this paper the isomorphism problem for ω-tree-automatic structures. We prove first that the isomorphism relation for ω-tree-automatic boolean algebras (respectively, partial orders, rings, commutative rings, non commutative rings, non commutative groups, nilpotent groups of class n ≥ 2) is not determined by the axiomatic system ZFC. Then we prove that...
The isomorphism relation on countable torsion free abelian groups is non-Borel.