On qualitative cluster sets
The classical Descartes’ rule of signs limits the number of positive roots of a real polynomial in one variable by the number of sign changes in the sequence of its coefficients. One can ask the question which pairs of nonnegative integers , chosen in accordance with this rule and with some other natural conditions, can be the pairs of numbers of positive and negative roots of a real polynomial with prescribed signs of the coefficients. The paper solves this problem for degree polynomials.
In this paper we obtain certain refinements (and new proofs) for inequalities involving means, results attributed to Carlson; Leach and Sholander; Alzer; Sndor; and Vamanamurthy and Vuorinen.
In the paper, we deal with the relations among several generalized second-order directional derivatives. The results partially solve the problem which of the second-order optimality conditions is more useful.
Results of Jan Marik on the theory of derivatives of real functions are described.