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Let We prove that is completely monotonic on . This complements a result of Miller and Moskowitz (2006), who proved that is positive and strictly decreasing on . The sequence
plays a role in information theory.
In this note we prove a new extension and a converse of an inequality due to Gauss.
Let be a real number and let be an even integer. We determine the largest value such that the inequality
holds for all real numbers which are pairwise distinct and satisfy . Our theorem completes results of Ozeki, Mitrinović-Kalajdžić, and Russell, who found the optimal value in the case and odd, and in the case and even.
We prove: If
then
The constant is the best possible.
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