Displaying similar documents to “Préface. Anthropologie et philosophie : l’empirique et le principiel”

L’art de faire crédit ou comment ne pas prendre les autres pour des imbéciles

Isabelle Delpla (2002)

Philosophia Scientiae

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The principle of charity is here analysed as one form of interpretive benevolence whose aim is to give others credit and not to take them for idiots. In this very aim, however, it is in competition with other maxims, each of which fights against one kind of stupidity. That being the case, we must criticize the false alternatives between charity and contempt, on the one hand, and charity and nonsense, on the other. The principle of charity cannot be granted legitimacy as a principle specific...

Quine, entre Lévy-Bruhl et Malinowski

Sandra Laugier (2002)

Philosophia Scientiae

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The article examines the anthropological relevance of Quine’s indeterminacy of translation thesis, and shows how this thesis questions relativism, but also a species of universalism. This is demonstrated through an analysis of Quine’s critique of the idea of prelogicity, in connection with which he specifically devised the principle of charity, which was later taken over by Davidson. Examining the uses and scope of this principle, as well as comparing it to the claims of Lévy-Bruhl,...

Pourquoi il faut traiter autrui á l’égal de soi-même. Interprétation et charité en anthropologie

Gérard Lenclud (2002)

Philosophia Scientiae

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This article defends the position that anthropological interpretation is necessarily charitable to others. Nevertheless, given that charity seems to imply that others should systematically be absolved–in advance–of the mistakes they (like the interpreter) are likely to make and that these mistakes are significant (just as those of the interpreter are), it may be preferable to evoke a “Postulate of Equality” rather than the “Principle of Charity”.

Quine l’extensionaliste. Entre naturalisme et esthétisme

Fabien Schang (2005)

Philosophia Scientiae

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La position résolument extensionaliste de Quine a été appuyée par des arguments de nature différente, dans ses multiples articles destinés à rejeter le projet de logique modale. On peut classer ces arguments en trois catégories : un argument , où l’auteur tente de baser le langage scientifique sur une notation tâchée de décrire la “structure ultime de la réalité” ; un argument , où Quine fait allusion à des raisons de clarté et d’efficacité démonstrative pour privilégier la théorie des...

La rationalité ouverte. “From swords to words”

Alain Boyer (2007)

Philosophia Scientiae

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Le maître mot de la philosophie poppérienne est l’ouverture. Cette conception de la rationalité, fondée sur le thème de la faillibilité, échappe à la mise en question de la clôture de la raison moderne dominatrice. La rationalité n’est pas tant un ensemble de techniques qu’une attitude morale d’ouverture à l’autre, reposant sur l’idée qu’à la violence peut être substitué un jeu polémique, la discussion critique, codifiée par des règles. «Vous pouvez avoir raison et je peux avoir tort,...

Soyons charitables, mais pas trop !

Ruwen Ogien (2002)

Philosophia Scientiae

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In this paper, I insist on two limits of the principle of charity. 1) The principle is supposed to help us solve the problem of the observational under-determination of our attributions of beliefs and desires. But it fails on that ground. The principle rules out attributions of beliefs and desires that are incompatible with the principle, but it cannot help us decide between incompatible attributions of beliefs and desires that are compatible with the principle; 2) Strong versions of...

L’idée d’un sens commun

Vincent Descombes (2002)

Philosophia Scientiae

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This article, which emphasizes the hermeneutic origin of the principle of charity, attempts to resituate the contemporary theories within a tradition of reflection about the anthropological problem (how can we claim to reach an understanding of other types of human lives?). These doctrines actually propose a philosophy of common sense, in other words a solution to the problem of exercising rationality. Due to a failure to relate this common sense to any particular form of social life,...