We establish two truncations of Gauss’ square exponent theorem and a finite extension of Euler’s identity. For instance, we prove that for any positive integer $n$, $$\sum _{k=0}^n{(-1)}^k\left[\begin{array}{c}2n-k\\ k\end{array}\right]{(q;q^2)}_{n-k}{q}^{\left(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{k+1}{2}\right)}=\sum _{k=-n}^n{(-1)}^k{q}^{k^2},$$ where $$\left[\begin{array}{c}n\\ m\end{array}\right]=\prod _{k=1}^m\frac{1-q^{n-k+1}}{1-q^k}\text{and}{(a;q)}_n=\prod _{k=0}^{n-1}(1-a{q}^k).$$

Let N be a set of natural numbers and Z be a set of integers. Let M₂(Z) denotes the set of all 2x2 matrices with integer entries. We give necessary and suficient conditions for solvability of the matrix negative Pell equation (P) X² - dY² = -I with d ∈ N for nonsingular X,Y belonging to M₂(Z) and his generalization (Pn) ${\sum }_{i=1}^{n}X{₂}_i-d{\sum }_{i=1}^{n}Y{²}_i=-I$ with d ∈ N for nonsingular $X_i,Y_i\in M₂\left(Z\right)$, i=1,...,n.

For a real square matrix $A$ and an integer $d\ge 0$, let $A_{\left(d\right)}$ denote the matrix formed from $A$ by rounding off all its coefficients to $d$ decimal places. The main problem handled in this paper is the following: assuming that $A_{\left(d\right)}$ has some property, under what additional condition(s) can we be sure that the original matrix $A$ possesses the same property? Three properties are investigated: nonsingularity, positive definiteness, and positive invertibility. In all three cases it is shown that there exists...

Shifting a numerically given function $b_{1}exp{a}_{1}t+\cdots +b_{n}exp{a}_{n}t$ we obtain a fundamental matrix of the linear differential system $\dot{y}=Ay$ with a constant matrix $A$. Using the fundamental matrix we calculate $A$, calculating the eigenvalues of $A$ we obtain $a_1,\cdots ,a_n$ and using the least square method we determine $b_1,\cdots ,b_n$.

In this paper we derive new properties complementary to an $2n\times 2n$ Brualdi-Li tournament matrix $B_{2n}$. We show that $B_{2n}$ has exactly one positive real eigenvalue and one negative real eigenvalue and, as a by-product, reprove that every Brualdi-Li matrix has distinct eigenvalues. We then bound the partial sums of the real parts and the imaginary parts of its eigenvalues. The inverse of $B_{2n}$ is also determined. Related results obtained in previous articles are proven to be corollaries.