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Displaying similar documents to “From two- to four-valued logic”

Between logic and probability.

Ton Sales (1994)

Mathware and Soft Computing

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Logic and Probability, as theories, have been developed quite independently and, with a few exceptions (like Boole's), have largely ignored each other. And nevertheless they share a lot of similarities, as well a considerable common ground. The exploration of the shared concepts and their mathematical treatment and unification is here attempted following the lead of illustrious researchers (Reichenbach, Carnap, Popper, Gaifman, Scott & Krauss, Fenstad, Miller, David Lewis, Stalnaker,...

The Method of Socratic Proofs Meets Correspondence Analysis

Dorota Leszczyńska-Jasion, Yaroslav Petrukhin, Vasilyi Shangin (2019)

Bulletin of the Section of Logic

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The goal of this paper is to propose correspondence analysis as a technique for generating the so-called erotetic (i.e. pertaining to the logic of questions) calculi which constitute the method of Socratic proofs by Andrzej Wiśniewski. As we explain in the paper, in order to successfully design an erotetic calculus one needs invertible sequent-calculus-style rules. For this reason, the proposed correspondence analysis resulting in invertible rules can constitute a new foundation for...

Logic of existence and logic of knowledge. Epistemic and non epistemic aspects of logic

Michel Bourdeau (2003)

Philosophia Scientiae

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Contrairement à ce qui a parfois été dit, la logique classique et la logique intuitionniste ne s’opposent pas comme une logique de l’existence à une logique de la connaissance. Les considérations épistémologiques trouvent naturellement leur place dans le cadre de la logique classique, sans qu’il soit nécessaire de faire intervenir aucun principe intuitionniste ; il suffit pour cela de reconnaître que la logique ne peut se passer de la notion d’assertion, ou si l’on préfère de jugement....

Universality of Logic

Jan Woleński (2017)

Bulletin of the Section of Logic

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This paper deals with the problem of universality property of logic. At first, this property is analyzed in the context of first-order logic. Three senses of the universality property are distinguished: universal applicability, topical neutrality and validity (truth in all models). All theses senses can be proved to be justified. The fourth understanding, namely the amount of expressive power, is connected with the criticism of the first-order thesis: first-order logic is the logic....

Useful Four-Valued Extension of the Temporal Logic KtT4

Vincent Degauquier (2018)

Bulletin of the Section of Logic

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The temporal logic KtT4 is the modal logic obtained from the minimal temporal logic Kt by requiring the accessibility relation to be reflexive (which corresponds to the axiom T) and transitive (which corresponds to the axiom 4). This article aims, firstly, at providing both a model-theoretic and a proof-theoretic characterisation of a four-valued extension of the temporal logic KtT4 and, secondly, at identifying some of the most useful properties of this extension in the context of partial...

Intuitionistic logic considered as an extension of classical logic : some critical remarks

Javier Legris, Jorge A. Molina (2001)

Philosophia Scientiae

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In this paper we analyze the consideration of intuitionistic logic as an extension of classical logic. This — at first sight surprising — point of view has been sustained explicitly by Jan Łukasiewicz on the basis of a mapping of classical propositional logic into intuitionistic propositional logic by Kurt Gödel in 1933. Simultaneously with Gödel, Gerhard Gentzen had proposed another mapping of Peano´s arithmetic into Heyting´s arithmetic. We shall discuss these mappings in connection...

Identity, Equality, Nameability and Completeness

María Manzano, Manuel Crescencio Moreno (2017)

Bulletin of the Section of Logic

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This article is an extended promenade strolling along the winding roads of identity, equality, nameability and completeness, looking for places where they converge. We have distinguished between identity and equality; the first is a binary relation between objects while the second is a symbolic relation between terms. Owing to the central role the notion of identity plays in logic, you can be interested either in how to define it using other logical concepts or in the opposite scheme....