Displaying similar documents to “Minimal rankings of the Cartesian product Kₙ ☐ Kₘ”

On Ramsey ( K 1 , 2 , K ) -minimal graphs

Mariusz Hałuszczak (2012)

Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory

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Let F be a graph and let , denote nonempty families of graphs. We write F → (,) if in any 2-coloring of edges of F with red and blue, there is a red subgraph isomorphic to some graph from G or a blue subgraph isomorphic to some graph from H. The graph F without isolated vertices is said to be a (,)-minimal graph if F → (,) and F - e not → (,) for every e ∈ E(F). We present a technique which allows to generate infinite family of (,)-minimal graphs if we know some special graphs. In particular,...

On Ramsey ( K 1 , 2 , C ) -minimal graphs

Tomás Vetrík, Lyra Yulianti, Edy Tri Baskoro (2010)

Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory

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For graphs F, G and H, we write F → (G,H) to mean that any red-blue coloring of the edges of F contains a red copy of G or a blue copy of H. The graph F is Ramsey (G,H)-minimal if F → (G,H) but F* ↛ (G,H) for any proper subgraph F* ⊂ F. We present an infinite family of Ramsey ( K 1 , 2 , C ) -minimal graphs of any diameter ≥ 4.

Structure of the set of all minimal total dominating functions of some classes of graphs

K. Reji Kumar, Gary MacGillivray (2010)

Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory

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In this paper we study some of the structural properties of the set of all minimal total dominating functions ( T ) of cycles and paths and introduce the idea of function reducible graphs and function separable graphs. It is proved that a function reducible graph is a function separable graph. We shall also see how the idea of function reducibility is used to study the structure of T ( G ) for some classes of graphs.

Cardinality of a minimal forbidden graph family for reducible additive hereditary graph properties

Ewa Drgas-Burchardt (2009)

Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory

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An additive hereditary graph property is any class of simple graphs, which is closed under isomorphisms unions and taking subgraphs. Let L a denote a class of all such properties. In the paper, we consider H-reducible over L a properties with H being a fixed graph. The finiteness of the sets of all minimal forbidden graphs is analyzed for such properties.

Rotation and jump distances between graphs

Gary Chartrand, Heather Gavlas, Héctor Hevia, Mark A. Johnson (1997)

Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory

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A graph H is obtained from a graph G by an edge rotation if G contains three distinct vertices u,v, and w such that uv ∈ E(G), uw ∉ E(G), and H = G-uv+uw. A graph H is obtained from a graph G by an edge jump if G contains four distinct vertices u,v,w, and x such that uv ∈ E(G), wx∉ E(G), and H = G-uv+wx. If a graph H is obtained from a graph G by a sequence of edge jumps, then G is said to be j-transformed into H. It is shown that for every two graphs G and H of the same order (at least...

Graphs with small additive stretch number

Dieter Rautenbach (2004)

Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory

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The additive stretch number s a d d ( G ) of a graph G is the maximum difference of the lengths of a longest induced path and a shortest induced path between two vertices of G that lie in the same component of G.We prove some properties of minimal forbidden configurations for the induced-hereditary classes of graphs G with s a d d ( G ) k for some k ∈ N₀ = 0,1,2,.... Furthermore, we derive characterizations of these classes for k = 1 and k = 2.

Histories in path graphs

Ludovít Niepel (2007)

Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory

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For a given graph G and a positive integer r the r-path graph, P r ( G ) , has for vertices the set of all paths of length r in G. Two vertices are adjacent when the intersection of the corresponding paths forms a path of length r-1, and their union forms either a cycle or a path of length k+1 in G. Let P r k ( G ) be the k-iteration of r-path graph operator on a connected graph G. Let H be a subgraph of P r k ( G ) . The k-history P r - k ( H ) is a subgraph of G that is induced by all edges that take part in the recursive...

Uniquely partitionable graphs

Jozef Bucko, Marietjie Frick, Peter Mihók, Roman Vasky (1997)

Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory

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Let ₁,...,ₙ be properties of graphs. A (₁,...,ₙ)-partition of a graph G is a partition of the vertex set V(G) into subsets V₁, ...,Vₙ such that the subgraph G [ V i ] induced by V i has property i ; i = 1,...,n. A graph G is said to be uniquely (₁, ...,ₙ)-partitionable if G has exactly one (₁,...,ₙ)-partition. A property is called hereditary if every subgraph of every graph with property also has property . If every graph that is a disjoint union of two graphs that have property also has property...

A Finite Characterization and Recognition of Intersection Graphs of Hypergraphs with Rank at Most 3 and Multiplicity at Most 2 in the Class of Threshold Graphs

Yury Metelsky, Kseniya Schemeleva, Frank Werner (2017)

Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory

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We characterize the class [...] L32 L 3 2 of intersection graphs of hypergraphs with rank at most 3 and multiplicity at most 2 by means of a finite list of forbidden induced subgraphs in the class of threshold graphs. We also give an O(n)-time algorithm for the recognition of graphs from [...] L32 L 3 2 in the class of threshold graphs, where n is the number of vertices of a tested graph.

Restrained domination in unicyclic graphs

Johannes H. Hattingh, Ernst J. Joubert, Marc Loizeaux, Andrew R. Plummer, Lucas van der Merwe (2009)

Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory

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Let G = (V,E) be a graph. A set S ⊆ V is a restrained dominating set if every vertex in V-S is adjacent to a vertex in S and to a vertex in V-S. The restrained domination number of G, denoted by γ r ( G ) , is the minimum cardinality of a restrained dominating set of G. A unicyclic graph is a connected graph that contains precisely one cycle. We show that if U is a unicyclic graph of order n, then γ r ( U ) n / 3 , and provide a characterization of graphs achieving this bound.

On 2-periodic graphs of a certain graph operator

Ivan Havel, Bohdan Zelinka (2001)

Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory

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We deal with the graph operator P o w ¯ defined to be the complement of the square of a graph: P o w ¯ ( G ) = P o w ( G ) ¯ . Motivated by one of many open problems formulated in [6] we look for graphs that are 2-periodic with respect to this operator. We describe a class of bipartite graphs possessing the above mentioned property and prove that for any m,n ≥ 6, the complete bipartite graph K m , n can be decomposed in two edge-disjoint factors from . We further show that all the incidence graphs of Desarguesian finite projective...

On the minus domination number of graphs

Hailong Liu, Liang Sun (2004)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

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Let G = ( V , E ) be a simple graph. A 3 -valued function f V ( G ) { - 1 , 0 , 1 } is said to be a minus dominating function if for every vertex v V , f ( N [ v ] ) = u N [ v ] f ( u ) 1 , where N [ v ] is the closed neighborhood of v . The weight of a minus dominating function f on G is f ( V ) = v V f ( v ) . The minus domination number of a graph G , denoted by γ - ( G ) , equals the minimum weight of a minus dominating function on G . In this paper, the following two results are obtained. (1) If G is a bipartite graph of order n , then γ - ( G ) 4 n + 1 - 1 - n . (2) For any negative integer k and any positive integer...

Total domination versus paired domination

Oliver Schaudt (2012)

Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory

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A dominating set of a graph G is a vertex subset that any vertex of G either belongs to or is adjacent to. A total dominating set is a dominating set whose induced subgraph does not contain isolated vertices. The minimal size of a total dominating set, the total domination number, is denoted by γₜ. The maximal size of an inclusionwise minimal total dominating set, the upper total domination number, is denoted by Γₜ. A paired dominating set is a dominating set whose induced subgraph has...

Difference labelling of cacti

Martin Sonntag (2003)

Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory

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A graph G is a difference graph iff there exists S ⊂ IN⁺ such that G is isomorphic to the graph DG(S) = (V,E), where V = S and E = i,j:i,j ∈ V ∧ |i-j| ∈ V. It is known that trees, cycles, complete graphs, the complete bipartite graphs K n , n and K n , n - 1 , pyramids and n-sided prisms (n ≥ 4) are difference graphs (cf. [4]). Giving a special labelling algorithm, we prove that cacti with a girth of at least 6 are difference graphs, too.

4-cycle properties for characterizing rectagraphs and hypercubes

Khadra Bouanane, Abdelhafid Berrachedi (2017)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

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A ( 0 , 2 ) -graph is a connected graph, where each pair of vertices has either 0 or 2 common neighbours. These graphs constitute a subclass of ( 0 , λ ) -graphs introduced by Mulder in 1979. A rectagraph, well known in diagram geometry, is a triangle-free ( 0 , 2 ) -graph. ( 0 , 2 ) -graphs include hypercubes, folded cube graphs and some particular graphs such as icosahedral graph, Shrikhande graph, Klein graph, Gewirtz graph, etc. In this paper, we give some local properties of 4-cycles in ( 0 , λ ) -graphs and more specifically...

Signed total domination number of a graph

Bohdan Zelinka (2001)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

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The signed total domination number of a graph is a certain variant of the domination number. If v is a vertex of a graph G , then N ( v ) is its oper neighbourhood, i.e. the set of all vertices adjacent to v in G . A mapping f : V ( G ) { - 1 , 1 } , where V ( G ) is the vertex set of G , is called a signed total dominating function (STDF) on G , if x N ( v ) f ( x ) 1 for each v V ( G ) . The minimum of values x V ( G ) f ( x ) , taken over all STDF’s of G , is called the signed total domination number of G and denoted by γ s t ( G ) . A theorem stating lower bounds for γ s t ( G ) is...

Clopen graphs

Stefan Geschke (2013)

Fundamenta Mathematicae

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A graph G on a topological space X as its set of vertices is clopen if the edge relation of G is a clopen subset of X² without the diagonal. We study clopen graphs on Polish spaces in terms of their finite induced subgraphs and obtain information about their cochromatic numbers. In this context we investigate modular profinite graphs, a class of graphs obtained from finite graphs by taking inverse limits. This continues the investigation of continuous colorings on Polish spaces and their...

Extremal problems for forbidden pairs that imply hamiltonicity

Ralph Faudree, András Gyárfás (1999)

Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory

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Let C denote the claw K 1 , 3 , N the net (a graph obtained from a K₃ by attaching a disjoint edge to each vertex of the K₃), W the wounded (a graph obtained from a K₃ by attaching an edge to one vertex and a disjoint path P₃ to a second vertex), and Z i the graph consisting of a K₃ with a path of length i attached to one vertex. For k a fixed positive integer and n a sufficiently large integer, the minimal number of edges and the smallest clique in a k-connected graph G of order n that is CY-free...

On well-covered graphs of odd girth 7 or greater

Bert Randerath, Preben Dahl Vestergaard (2002)

Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory

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A maximum independent set of vertices in a graph is a set of pairwise nonadjacent vertices of largest cardinality α. Plummer [14] defined a graph to be well-covered, if every independent set is contained in a maximum independent set of G. One of the most challenging problems in this area, posed in the survey of Plummer [15], is to find a good characterization of well-covered graphs of girth 4. We examine several subclasses of well-covered graphs of girth ≥ 4 with respect to the odd girth...