Rudin-like sets and hereditary families of compact sets

Étienne Matheron; Miroslav Zelený

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Displaying similar documents to “Rudin-like sets and hereditary families of compact sets”

On the closure of Baire classes under transfinite convergences

Tamás Mátrai (2004)

Fundamenta Mathematicae

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Let X be a Polish space and Y be a separable metric space. For a fixed ξ < ω₁, consider a family $f_{α} : X \to Y (α < ω ₁)$ of Baire-ξ functions. Answering a question of Tomasz Natkaniec, we show that if for a function f: X → Y, the set $α < ω ₁ : f_{α} (x) \neq f (x)$ is finite for every x ∈ X, then f itself is necessarily Baire-ξ. The proof is based on a characterization of $Σ ⁰_{η}$ sets which can be interesting in its own right.

Functions of Baire class one

Denny H. Leung, Wee-Kee Tang (2003)

Fundamenta Mathematicae

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Let K be a compact metric space. A real-valued function on K is said to be of Baire class one (Baire-1) if it is the pointwise limit of a sequence of continuous functions. We study two well known ordinal indices of Baire-1 functions, the oscillation index β and the convergence index γ. It is shown that these two indices are fully compatible in the following sense: a Baire-1 function f satisfies $β (f) \leq ω^{ξ ₁} \cdot ω^{ξ ₂}$ for some countable ordinals ξ₁ and ξ₂ if and only if there exists a sequence (fₙ) of Baire-1...

Baire one functions and their sets of discontinuity

Jonald P. Fenecios, Emmanuel A. Cabral, Abraham P. Racca (2016)

Mathematica Bohemica

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A characterization of functions in the first Baire class in terms of their sets of discontinuity is given. More precisely, a function $f : ℝ \to ℝ$ is of the first Baire class if and only if for each $ϵ > 0$ there is a sequence of closed sets ${C_{n}}_{n = 1}^{\infty}$ such that $D_{f} = ⋃_{n = 1}^{\infty} C_{n}$ and $ω_{f} (C_{n}) < ϵ$ for each $n$ where $ω_{f} (C_{n}) = sup {| f (x) - f (y) | : x, y \in C_{n}}$ and $D_{f}$ denotes the set of points of discontinuity of $f$ . The proof of the main theorem is based on a recent $ϵ$ - $δ$ characterization of Baire class one functions as well as on a well-known theorem due to Lebesgue. Some direct applications...

Baire classes of complex $L_{1}$ -preduals

Pavel Ludvík, Jiří Spurný (2015)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

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Let $X$ be a complex $L_{1}$ -predual, non-separable in general. We investigate extendability of complex-valued bounded homogeneous Baire- $α$ functions on the set $ext B_{X^{*}}$ of the extreme points of the dual unit ball $B_{X^{*}}$ to the whole unit ball $B_{X^{*}}$ . As a corollary we show that, given $α \in [1, ω_{1})$ , the intrinsic $α$ -th Baire class of $X$ can be identified with the space of bounded homogeneous Baire- $α$ functions on the set $ext B_{X^{*}}$ when $ext B_{X^{*}}$ satisfies certain topological assumptions. The paper is intended to be a complex counterpart to...

Extension of functions with small oscillation

Denny H. Leung, Wee-Kee Tang (2006)

Fundamenta Mathematicae

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A classical theorem of Kuratowski says that every Baire one function on a $G_{δ}$ subspace of a Polish (= separable completely metrizable) space X can be extended to a Baire one function on X. Kechris and Louveau introduced a finer gradation of Baire one functions into small Baire classes. A Baire one function f is assigned into a class in this hierarchy depending on its oscillation index β(f). We prove a refinement of Kuratowski’s theorem: if Y is a subspace of a metric space X and f is a...

Diagonals of separately continuous functions of $n$ variables with values in strongly $σ$ -metrizable spaces

Olena Karlova, Volodymyr Mykhaylyuk, Oleksandr Sobchuk (2016)

Commentationes Mathematicae Universitatis Carolinae

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We prove the result on Baire classification of mappings $f : X \times Y \to Z$ which are continuous with respect to the first variable and belongs to a Baire class with respect to the second one, where $X$ is a $P P$ -space, $Y$ is a topological space and $Z$ is a strongly $σ$ -metrizable space with additional properties. We show that for any topological space $X$ , special equiconnected space $Z$ and a mapping $g : X \to Z$ of the $(n - 1)$ -th Baire class there exists a strongly separately continuous mapping $f : X^{n} \to Z$ with the diagonal $g$ . For wide classes...

Distances to spaces of affine Baire-one functions

Jiří Spurný (2010)

Studia Mathematica

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Let E be a Banach space and let $ℬ ₁ (B_{E *})$ and $₁ (B_{E *})$ denote the space of all Baire-one and affine Baire-one functions on the dual unit ball $B_{E *}$ , respectively. We show that there exists a separable L₁-predual E such that there is no quantitative relation between $d i s t (f, ℬ ₁ (B_{E *}))$ and $d i s t (f, ₁ (B_{E *}))$ , where f is an affine function on $B_{E *}$ . If the Banach space E satisfies some additional assumption, we prove the existence of some such dependence.

Operators on the stopping time space

Dimitris Apatsidis (2015)

Studia Mathematica

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Let S¹ be the stopping time space and ℬ₁(S¹) be the Baire-1 elements of the second dual of S¹. To each element x** in ℬ₁(S¹) we associate a positive Borel measure $μ_{x * *}$ on the Cantor set. We use the measures $μ_{x * *} : x * * \in ℬ ₁ (S ¹)$ to characterize the operators T: X → S¹, defined on a space X with an unconditional basis, which preserve a copy of S¹. In particular, if X = S¹, we show that T preserves a copy of S¹ if and only if $μ_{T * * (x * *)} : x * * \in ℬ ₁ (S ¹)$ is non-separable as a subset of $ℳ (2^{ℕ})$ .

On strong measure zero subsets of $^{κ} 2$

Aapo Halko, Saharon Shelah (2001)

Fundamenta Mathematicae

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We study the generalized Cantor space $^{κ} 2$ and the generalized Baire space $^{κ} κ$ as analogues of the classical Cantor and Baire spaces. We equip $^{κ} κ$ with the topology where a basic neighborhood of a point η is the set ν: (∀j < i)(ν(j) = η(j)), where i < κ. We define the concept of a strong measure zero set of $^{κ} 2$ . We prove for successor $κ = κ^{< κ}$ that the ideal of strong measure zero sets of $^{κ} 2$ is $_{κ}$ -additive, where $_{κ}$ is the size of the smallest unbounded family in $^{κ} κ$ , and that the generalized Borel...

Decomposing Borel functions using the Shore-Slaman join theorem

Takayuki Kihara (2015)

Fundamenta Mathematicae

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Jayne and Rogers proved that every function from an analytic space into a separable metrizable space is decomposable into countably many continuous functions with closed domains if and only if the preimage of each $F_{σ}$ set under that function is again $F_{σ}$ . Many researchers conjectured that the Jayne-Rogers theorem can be generalized to all finite levels of Borel functions. In this paper, by using the Shore-Slaman join theorem on the Turing degrees, we show the following variant of the Jayne-Rogers...

Transportation flow problems with Radon measure variables

Marcus Wagner (2000)

Discussiones Mathematicae, Differential Inclusions, Control and Optimization

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For a multidimensional control problem ${(P)}_{K}$ involving controls $u \in L_{\infty}$ , we construct a dual problem ${(D)}_{K}$ in which the variables ν to be paired with u are taken from the measure space rca (Ω,) instead of $(L_{\infty}) *$ . For this purpose, we add to ${(P)}_{K}$ a Baire class restriction for the representatives of the controls u. As main results, we prove a strong duality theorem and saddle-point conditions.

Hereditarily Hurewicz spaces and Arhangel'skii sheaf amalgamations

Boaz Tsaban, Lubomyr Zdomsky (2012)

Journal of the European Mathematical Society

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A classical theorem of Hurewicz characterizes spaces with the Hurewicz covering property as those having bounded continuous images in the Baire space. We give a similar characterization for spaces $X$ which have the Hurewicz property hereditarily. We proceed to consider the class of Arhangel’skii $α_{1}$ spaces, for which every sheaf at a point can be amalgamated in a natural way. Let $C_{p} (X)$ denote the space of continuous real-valued functions on $X$ with the topology of pointwise convergence. Our...

On $n$ -thin dense sets in powers of topological spaces

Adam Bartoš (2016)

Commentationes Mathematicae Universitatis Carolinae

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A subset of a product of topological spaces is called $n$ -thin if every its two distinct points differ in at least $n$ coordinates. We generalize a construction of Gruenhage, Natkaniec, and Piotrowski, and obtain, under CH, a countable $T_{3}$ space $X$ without isolated points such that $X^{n}$ contains an $n$ -thin dense subset, but $X^{n + 1}$ does not contain any $n$ -thin dense subset. We also observe that part of the construction can be carried out under MA.

Multifractal analysis of the divergence of Fourier series

Frédéric Bayart, Yanick Heurteaux (2012)

Annales scientifiques de l'École Normale Supérieure

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A famous theorem of Carleson says that, given any function $f \in L^{p} (𝕋)$ , $p \in (1, + \infty)$ , its Fourier series $(S_{n} f (x))$ converges for almost every $x \in 𝕋$ . Beside this property, the series may diverge at some point, without exceeding $O (n^{1 / p})$ . We define the divergence index at $x$ as the infimum of the positive real numbers $β$ such that $S_{n} f (x) = O (n^{β})$ and we are interested in the size of the exceptional sets $E_{β}$ , namely the sets of $x \in 𝕋$ with divergence index equal to $β$ . We show that quasi-all functions in $L^{p} (𝕋)$ have a multifractal behavior with respect to...

Combinatorics of dense subsets of the rationals

B. Balcar, F. Hernández-Hernández, M. Hrušák (2004)

Fundamenta Mathematicae

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We study combinatorial properties of the partial order (Dense(ℚ),⊆). To do that we introduce cardinal invariants $_{ℚ}$ , $_{ℚ}$ , $_{ℚ}$ , $_{ℚ}$ , $_{ℚ}$ , $_{ℚ}$ describing properties of Dense(ℚ). These invariants satisfy $_{ℚ}$ ≤ ℚ ≤ ℚ ≤ ℚ ≤ ℚ ≤ ℚ $. W e c o m p a r e t h e m w i t h t h e i r a n a l o g u e s i n t h e w e l l s t u d i e d B o o l e a n a l g e b r a (ω) / f i n . W e s h o w t h a t$ ℚ = p $,$ ℚ = t $a n d$ ℚ = i $, w h e r e a s$ ℚ > h $a n d$ ℚ > r $a r e b o t h s h o w n t o b e r e l a t i v e l y c o n s i s t e n t w i t h Z F C . W e a l s o i n v e s t i g a t e c o m b i n a t o r i c s o f t h e i d e a l n w d o f n o w h e r e d e n s e s u b s e t s o f, ℚ . I n p a r t i c u l a r, w e s h o w t h a t$ non(M)=min||: ⊆ Dense(R) ∧ (∀I ∈ nwd(R))(∃D ∈ )(I ∩ D = ∅) and cof(M) = min||: ⊆ Dense(ℚ) ∧ (∀I ∈ nwd)(∃D ∈ )(I ∩ = ∅). We use these facts to show that cof(M) ≤ i, which improves a result of S. Shelah.

On universality of countable and weak products of sigma hereditarily disconnected spaces

Taras Banakh, Robert Cauty (2001)

Fundamenta Mathematicae

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Suppose a metrizable separable space Y is sigma hereditarily disconnected, i.e., it is a countable union of hereditarily disconnected subspaces. We prove that the countable power $X^{ω}$ of any subspace X ⊂ Y is not universal for the class ₂ of absolute $G_{δ σ}$ -sets; moreover, if Y is an absolute $F_{σ δ}$ -set, then $X^{ω}$ contains no closed topological copy of the Nagata space = W(I,ℙ); if Y is an absolute $G_{δ}$ -set, then $X^{ω}$ contains no closed copy of the Smirnov space σ = W(I,0). On the other hand, the countable...

Extensions of generic measure-preserving actions

Julien Melleray (2014)

Annales de l’institut Fourier

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We show that, whenever $Γ$ is a countable abelian group and $Δ$ is a finitely-generated subgroup of $Γ$ , a generic measure-preserving action of $Δ$ on a standard atomless probability space $(X, μ)$ extends to a free measure-preserving action of $Γ$ on $(X, μ)$ . This extends a result of Ageev, corresponding to the case when $Δ$ is infinite cyclic.

Principal blocks and $p$ -radical groups

Xiaohan Hu, Jiwen Zeng (2016)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

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Let $G$ be a finite group and $k$ a field of characteristic $p > 0$ . In this paper, we obtain several equivalent conditions to determine whether the principal block $B_{0}$ of a finite $p$ -solvable group $G$ is $p$ -radical, which means that $B_{0}$ has the property that $e_{0} {(k_{P})}^{G}$ is semisimple as a $k G$ -module, where $P$ is a Sylow $p$ -subgroup of $G$ , $k_{P}$ is the trivial $k P$ -module, ${(k_{P})}^{G}$ is the induced module, and $e_{0}$ is the block idempotent of $B_{0}$ . We also give the complete classification of a finite $p$ -solvable group $G$ which has not more...

Finite-dimensional maps and dendrites with dense sets of end points

Hisao Kato, Eiichi Matsuhashi (2006)

Colloquium Mathematicae

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The first author has recently proved that if f: X → Y is a k-dimensional map between compacta and Y is p-dimensional (0 ≤ k, p < ∞), then for each 0 ≤ i ≤ p + k, the set of maps g in the space $C (X, I^{p + 2 k + 1 - i})$ such that the diagonal product $f \times g : X \to Y \times I^{p + 2 k + 1 - i}$ is an (i+1)-to-1 map is a dense $G_{δ}$ -subset of $C (X, I^{p + 2 k + 1 - i})$ . In this paper, we prove that if f: X → Y is as above and $D_{j}$ (j = 1,..., k) are superdendrites, then the set of maps h in $C (X, \prod_{j = 1}^{k} D_{j} \times I^{p + 1 - i})$ such that $f \times h : X \to Y \times (\prod_{j = 1}^{k} D_{j} \times I^{p + 1 - i})$ is (i+1)-to-1 is a dense $G_{δ}$ -subset of $C (X, \prod_{j = 1}^{k} D_{j} \times I^{p + 1 - i})$ for each 0 ≤ i ≤ p.

Consistency of the Silver dichotomy in generalised Baire space

Sy-David Friedman (2014)

Fundamenta Mathematicae

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Silver’s fundamental dichotomy in the classical theory of Borel reducibility states that any Borel (or even co-analytic) equivalence relation with uncountably many classes has a perfect set of classes. The natural generalisation of this to the generalised Baire space $κ^{κ}$ for a regular uncountable κ fails in Gödel’s L, even for κ-Borel equivalence relations. We show here that Silver’s dichotomy for κ-Borel equivalence relations in $κ^{κ}$ for uncountable regular κ is however consistent (with...

The "Full Clarkson-Erdős-Schwartz Theorem" on the closure of non-dense Müntz spaces

Tamás Erdélyi (2003)

Studia Mathematica

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Denote by spanf₁,f₂,... the collection of all finite linear combinations of the functions f₁,f₂,... over ℝ. The principal result of the paper is the following. Theorem (Full Clarkson-Erdős-Schwartz Theorem). Suppose ${(λ_{j})}_{j = 1}^{\infty}$ is a sequence of distinct positive numbers. Then $s p a n 1, x^{λ ₁}, x^{λ ₂}, . . .$ is dense in C[0,1] if and only if $\sum_{j = 1}^{\infty} (λ_{j}) / (λ_{j} ² + 1) = \infty$ . Moreover, if $\sum_{j = 1}^{\infty} (λ_{j}) / (λ_{j} ² + 1) < \infty$ , then every function from the C[0,1] closure of $s p a n 1, x^{λ ₁}, x^{λ ₂}, . . .$ can be represented as an analytic function on z ∈ ℂ ∖ (-∞, 0]: |z| < 1 restricted to (0,1). This result improves an...

On category $𝒪$ for cyclotomic rational Cherednik algebras

Iain G. Gordon, Ivan Losev (2014)

Journal of the European Mathematical Society

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We study equivalences for category $𝒪_{p}$ of the rational Cherednik algebras $𝐇_{p}$ of type $G_{ℓ} (n) = {(μ_{ℓ})}^{n} ⋊ 𝔖_{n}$ : a highest weight equivalence between $𝒪_{p}$ and $𝒪_{σ (p)}$ for $σ \in 𝔖_{ℓ}$ and an action of $𝔖_{ℓ}$ on an explicit non-empty Zariski open set of parameters $p$ ; a derived equivalence between $𝒪_{p}$ and $𝒪_{p^{'}}$ whenever $p$ and $p^{'}$ have integral difference; a highest weight equivalence between $𝒪_{p}$ and a parabolic category $𝒪$ for the general linear group, under a non-rationality assumption on the parameter $p$ . As a consequence, we confirm special cases...