We prove that for every countable ordinal $\alpha$ one cannot decide whether a given infinitary rational relation is in the Borel class ${\Sigma }_{\alpha }^{\mathbf{0}}$ (respectively ${\Pi }_{\alpha }^{\mathbf{0}}$). Furthermore one cannot decide whether a given infinitary rational relation is a Borel set or a ${\Sigma }_{\mathbf{1}}^{\mathbf{1}}$-complete set. We prove some recursive analogues to these properties. In particular one cannot decide whether an infinitary rational relation is an arithmetical set. We then deduce from the proof of these results some other ones, like: one cannot decide whether...

We prove that for every countable ordinal α one cannot decide whether a given infinitary rational relation is in the Borel class ${\Sigma }_{\alpha }^{\mathbf{0}}$ (respectively ${\Pi }_{\alpha }^{\mathbf{0}}$). Furthermore one cannot decide whether a given infinitary rational relation is a Borel set or a ${\Sigma }_{\mathbf{1}}^{\mathbf{1}}$-complete set. We prove some recursive analogues to these properties. In particular one cannot decide whether an infinitary rational relation is an arithmetical set. We then deduce from the proof of these results some other ones, like: one cannot decide...

We show that a set of reals is undetermined in Galvin's point-open game iff it is uncountable and has property C", which answers a question of Gruenhage.

Examples are presented of Σ₁¹-universal preorders arising by requiring the existence of particular surjective functions. These are: the relation of epimorphism between countable graphs; the relation of being a continuous image (or a continuous image of some specific kind) for continua; the relation of being continuous open image for dendrites.

A function of two variables F(x,y) is universal if for every function G(x,y) there exist functions h(x) and k(y) such that G(x,y) = F(h(x),k(y)) for all x,y. Sierpiński showed that assuming the Continuum Hypothesis there exists a Borel function F(x,y) which is universal. Assuming Martin's Axiom there is a universal function of Baire class 2. A universal function cannot be of Baire class 1. Here we show that it is consistent that for each α with 2 ≤ α < ω₁ there...