A Characterization of Linear Difference Equations Which are Solvable by Elementary Operations. Charles H. Franke (1974) Aequationes mathematicae
A note on differentially algebraic solutions of first order linear difference equations. Keiji Nishioka (1984) Aequationes mathematicae
An invariant for difference field extensions Zoé Chatzidakis, Ehud Hrushovski (2012) Annales de la faculté des sciences de Toulouse Mathématiques In this paper we introduce a new invariant for extensions of difference fields, the distant degree, and discuss its properties.