On the nilpotent elements of semigroups
For Hausdorff topological monoids, the concept of a unitary Cauchy net is a generalization of the concept of a fundamental sequence of reals. We consider properties and applications of such nets and of corresponding filters and prove, in particular, that the underlying set of a given monoid, endowed with the family of such filters, forms a Cauchy space whose convergence structure defines a uniform topology. A commutative monoid endowed with the corresponding uniformity is uniform. A distant purpose...
The concept of a unitary Cauchy net in an arbitrary Hausdorff topological monoid generalizes the concept of a fundamental sequence of reals. We construct extensions of this monoid where all its unitary Cauchy nets converge.
We prove that the semigroup operation of a topological semigroup extends to a continuous semigroup operation on its Stone-Čech compactification provided is a pseudocompact openly factorizable space, which means that each map to a second countable space can be written as the composition of an open map onto a second countable space and a map . We present a spectral characterization of openly factorizable spaces and establish some properties of such spaces.