Sesquilinear and Quadratic Forms on Modules Over *-algebras
Steinhaus' lattice points problem addresses the question of whether it is possible to cover exactly n lattice points on the plane with an open ball for every fixed nonnegative integer n. This paper includes a theorem which can be used to solve the general problem of covering elements of so-called quasi-finite sets in Hilbert spaces. Some applications of this theorem are considered.
We characterize Hilbert spaces among Banach spaces in terms of transitivity with respect to nicely behaved subgroups of the isometry group. For example, the following result is typical: If X is a real Banach space isomorphic to a Hilbert space and convex-transitive with respect to the isometric finite-dimensional perturbations of the identity, then X is already isometric to a Hilbert space.
It is shown that if a Banach space X is not isomorphic to a Hilbert space then the spaces ℓ₂(X) and Rad(X) contain a subspace Z without local unconditional structure, and therefore without an unconditional basis. Moreover, if X is of cotype r < ∞, then a subspace Z of ℓ₂(X) can be constructed without local unconditional structure but with 2-dimensional unconditional decomposition, hence also with basis.